基于叶片SPAD值的华南双季早稻氮肥推荐模型的研究  

Study on a Recommendation Model of Nitrogen Fertilizer Based on Leaf SPAD Value of South China Double-Season Early Rice

作　　者：纪明亮 赵津瑶 韦佳 杨文依 张悦 张彬[2] 陈青春[1] JI Ming-liang;ZHAO Jin-yao;WEI Jia;YANG Wen-yi;ZHANG Yue;ZHANG Bin;CHEN Qing-chun(Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,PRC;Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510225,PRC)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院,广东广州510225 [2]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所,广东广州510225

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2023年第6期20-25,共6页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300608;2018YFD0200306);广东省农业农村厅项目(2022年)。

摘　　要：研究于2021—2022年以合美占和粤晶丝苗2号为供试水稻品种进行了不同氮肥水平(0、60、120、180、240 kg/hm2)的田间试验,分别在水稻分蘖期、拔节期、孕穗期、乳熟期建立基于叶片SPAD值的双季早稻氮肥推荐模型,并对模型推荐的施肥量进行试验验证。结果表明:随着生育期推移,早稻叶片SPAD值呈下降的趋势;同一生育时期,早稻叶片SPAD值随着氮肥用量的增加呈递增的趋势;各生育期水稻产量与叶片SPAD值、施氮量具有显著相关性;以最高产量的90%~95%作为临界值,推知水稻分蘖期、拔节期、孕穗期、乳熟期的临界SPAD值分别为41.2、40.1、33.6、23.5;根据临界SPAD值,计算出基肥、分蘖期、拔节期、孕穗期、乳熟期的氮肥推荐施用量分别为90、27.2、12.7、21.5、6.4 kg/hm2,比常规施氮量减少了37.2 kg/hm2,节省了19%的氮肥,产量比常规施肥稍有增加,但差异未达显著水平。该研究建立的基于叶片SPAD值的早稻氮肥推荐模型可以为水稻全生育期氮素诊断提供参考。From 2021 to 2022,a field experiment of five nitrogen levels(0,60,120,180 and 240 kg/hm2)was conducted with two rice varieties(Hemeizhan and Yuejingsimiao 2)as tested materials.A recommendation model of nitrogen fertilizer application in double-season early rice was established based on leaf SPAD values respectively at four growth stages(namely,rice tillering,jointing,booting and milky ripe stages).Furthermore,the fertilization amount recommended by the model was verified practically.The results showed that the leaf SPAD value of early rice presented a downward tendency as the growth period was delayed.At the same growth period,leaf SPAD value of early rice showed an increasing trend with the increase of nitrogen application amount.Rice yield was significantly correlated with leaf SPAD value and/or nitrogen application rate at each growth stage.Taking 90%-95%of the highest yield as the critical value,it was inferred that the critical values of leaf SPAD at tillering,jointing,booting and milky ripe stages were 41.2,40.1,33.6 and 23.5,respectively.Thereafter,according to the critical SPAD value,the recommended application rates of nitrogen fertilizer for base fertilizer,tillering stage,jointing stage,booting stage and milky ripe stage were calculated to be 90,27.2,12.7,21.5 and 6.4 kg/hm2,respectively,37.2 kg/hm2 less than that of conventional fertilization,which would save 19%of nitrogen fertilizer and result in a slight increase of grain yield without significant differences.The recommendation model of early rice nitrogen fertilizer based on leaf SPAD value established in this study can provide reference for nitrogen diagnosis in the whole growth period of rice.

关 键 词：水稻 产量 SPAD值 氮肥推荐模型 

分 类 号：S511.310.62[农业科学—作物学]