土壤强还原灭菌对辣椒生长及根际微生态的影响  

Effects of Reductive Soil Disinfestation on Pepper Plants Growth and Microecological Environment in Rhizosphere Soil

作　　者：吴声海 陶禹 谭放军[2] 李洪羽 李鑫 陈燕 WU Sheng-hai;TAO Yu;TAN Fang-jun;LI Hong-yu;LI Xin;CHEN Yan(Huitong County Plant Protection and Inspection Station,Huitong 418300,PRC;Hunan Vegetable Research Institute,Changsha 410125,PRC;Xiangxi Derunhe Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Huayuan 416400,PRC;Huayuan County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Huayuan 416400,PRC)

机构地区：[1]会同县植保植检站,湖南怀化418300 [2]湖南省蔬菜研究所,湖南长沙410125 [3]湘西德润和生物科技有限公司,湖南花垣416400 [4]花垣县农村农业局,湖南花垣416400

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2023年第6期38-42,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省重点领域研发计划(2021NK2006);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金(2021QZY036)。

摘　　要：以湖南兴蔬种业有限公司培育的辣椒品种兴蔬208和湘西德润和生物科技有限公司生产的有机肥为试材,研究了土壤强还原灭菌(RSD)对辣椒生长及根际微生态环境的影响。结果表明:栽培辣椒时采用RSD处理,土壤中有效氮含量在苗期和结果期分别较CK增加38.16%和5.29%,有效磷含量在苗期、开花期和结果期分别较CK增加22.82%、3.75%和4.14%,有效钾含量在苗期、开花期和结果期分别较CK增加54.65%、46.13%和46.16%;苗期、开花期和结果期的株高分别比CK增加35.62%、18.68%和4.27%,茎粗分别比CK增加19.07%、9.23%和5.12%;鲜椒产量为2588.99 kg/667m2,比CK增产16.83%,果实中的维生素C、可溶性糖和蛋白质含量分别较CK提高23.72%、4.48%和37.96%;RSD处理能有效提高土壤微生物的活性和功能,提高土壤微生物对碳源的利用效率,使辣椒植株对矿质养分的吸收明显增加。The effects of reductive soil disinfestation(RSD)on the growth and rhizosphere microenvironment of chili peppers were studied using Xingshu 208 bred by Hunan Xingshu Seed Co.,Ltd.and organic fertilizer produced by Xiangxi Derunhe Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.as test materials.Results showed that compared to CK,after RSD treatment,the soil available nitrogen content increased by 38.16%and 5.29%,respectively during the seedling and fruiting stages;the available phosphorus and available potassium contents increased by 22.82%and 54.65%,3.75%and 46.13%,and 4.14%and 46.16%,respectively,the plant height increased by 35.62%,18.68%,and 4.27%,respectively,and the stem diameter increased by 19.07%,9.23%,and 5.12%,respectively during the seedling,flowering,and fruiting stages;additionally,fresh fruit yield was 38,834.85 kg/hm2,16.83%higher than CK;and the contents of vitamin C,soluble sugars,and protein in the fruits increased by 23.72%,4.48%,and 37.96%over CK.In conclusion,RSD treatment can effectively improve the activity and function of soil microorganisms as well as their utilization efficiency to carbon sources,meanwhile significantly increase the absorption of mineral nutrients by pepper plants.

关 键 词：土壤强还原灭菌(RSD) 辣椒 生长 根际 土壤微生态 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]