基于生态敏感性的区域环境时空变化及其驱动因素探究 ——以定安县为例  

Exploring the spatio-temporal variation of the regional environment and driving factors based on ecological sensitivity:taking Ding an county as an example

作　　者：宋沛林 解吉波 杨腾飞[1,2,3] 牟乃夏 陈默[4] 王小宇 SONG Peilin;XIE Jibo;YANG Tengfei;MOU Naixia;CHEN Mo;WANG Xiaoyu(Key Laboratory of Earth Observation of Hainan Province,Sanya 572029,China;Hainan Research Institute,Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Sanya 572029,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省地球观测重点实验室,海南三亚572029 [2]中国科学院空天信息研究院海南研究院,海南三亚572029 [3]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [4]山东科技大学,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《测绘通报》2023年第7期18-24,共7页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2019006)。

摘　　要：生态敏感性是分析区域生态环境稳定性的主要方法之一,其评价结果对于区域生态保护和决策制定具有重要意义。本文以定安县为研究区域,从土壤侵蚀、生境、地形、水资源4个方面选取了9个敏感指标构建生态敏感性评价体系,结合层次分析法(AHP)和熵权法进行组合赋权,分析2013和2021年两个时期生态敏感性时空分布与变化,以及空间集聚性、生态敏感性区域变化,并利用地理探测器分析其主要驱动因素。结果表明:2013—2021年,定安县生态敏感性均是南高北低的分布格局,且整体生态敏感性程度呈下降趋势;生态敏感性空间集聚效应显著,但随着时间推移,空间聚集性降低,高值聚集区和低值聚集区均有收缩的趋势;生态敏感区转移主要发生在中敏感区和高敏感区,变化等级以一级递增、递减为主;土地利用和植被覆盖度较其他敏感指标对生态敏感性的驱动力较大,且随着时间推移,土地利用与植被覆盖度对生态敏感性的驱动力呈主导作用趋势。Ecological sensitivity is one of the main methods for analyzing the stability of regional ecological environment,and its evaluation results are of great significance for regional ecological protection and decision-making.This article focuses on Ding an county as the research area.It selects 9 sensitive indicators from four aspects of soil erosion,habitat,terrain,and water resources to construct an ecological sensitivity evaluation system.The combination weighting and analysis of the ecological sensitivity spatio-temporal distribution and changes in 2013 and 2021 are conducted using the AHP(analytic hierarchy process)and entropy weight method.Furthermore,it analyzes the spatial agglomeration,regional changes in ecological sensitivity,and the main driving factors behind them using geographic detector analysis.The results show:From 2013 to 2021,the ecological sensitivity of Ding an county was the distribution pattern of high in the south and low in the north,and the overall ecological sensitivity showed a downward trend.The spatial agglomeration effect of ecological sensitivity is significant,but the spatial agglomeration decreases with time,and both high-value and low-value agglomeration areas tend to shrink.The transfer of ecologically sensitive areas mainly occurs in medium-sensitive and high-sensitive areas,and the level of change is mainly first-level increase and decrease.Compared with other sensitive indicators,the driving force of land use and vegetation coverage on ecological sensitivity is larger,and with the passage of time,the driving force of land use and vegetation coverage on ecological sensitivity tends to play a leading role.

关 键 词：生态敏感性 层次分析法 熵值法 空间集聚性 地理探测器 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]