湖南省典型区域土壤侵蚀监测方法研究与应用  

Research and application of soil erosion monitoring methods in typical regions of Hunan province

作　　者：王伟 黄绘青 胡娈运[1,2,3] WANG Wei;HUANG Huiqing;HU Luanyun(The Third Surveying and Mapping Institute of Hunan Province,Changsha 410007,China;Hunan Geospatial Information Engineering and Technology Research Center,Changsha 410007,China;Hunan Engineering Research Center of Geographic Information Security and Application,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省第三测绘院,湖南长沙410007 [2]湖南省地理空间信息工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410007 [3]地理信息安全与应用湖南省工程研究中心,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《测绘通报》2023年第7期149-153,共5页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：湖南省自然资源厅科技计划(20230159TD)。

摘　　要：土壤侵蚀的变化受到地表覆盖、植被覆盖度、地形地貌等多种因素的影响。本文选取新化县作为湖南省典型区域进行研究,基于土地利用数据、数字高程模型,依据土壤侵蚀面蚀分级指标、通用土壤流失模型、坡度因子,建立土壤侵蚀风险评价方案,完成2020年新化县土壤侵蚀强度计算,并结合2008年土壤侵蚀数据进行时空分析。结果表明:2020年新化县土壤侵蚀量略有增加,但均属于轻度土壤侵蚀;两个年度的轻度、强度、极强度、剧烈土壤侵蚀空间分布基本相同;相比2008年,由于荒山造林,2020年土壤侵蚀强度为强度、极强度、剧烈的地区得到了一定改善,同时由于灌木林和旱地面积的增加,2020年部分地区的中度水土流失加剧。本文方法利用遥感影像与土地利用数据可快速监测土壤侵蚀的变化趋势,为相关部门提供方法依据与数据支持,为生态环境改善提供有利服务。The changes in soil erosion are affected by various factors such as land cover,vegetation coverage,and terrain and localforms.We selected Xinhua county as a typical regions of Hunan province for research,based on surface erosion grading indicators,universal soil loss equation models,and slope factor,established soil erosion risk evaluation plan used on land use data and digital elevation model,completed the calculation of soil erosion intensity of Xinhua county in 2020,and completed the time and space analysis combined with soil erosion data in 2008.The main findings are as follows:Compared with 2008,the amount of soil erosion in Xinhua county increased slightly in 2020,but all belonged to mild soil erosion.The distribution of mild,intensity,extremely intensity,and severe soil erosion in the two years is basically the same.Due to afforestation in barren mountains,areas with severe soil erosion in 2020 have been improved,at the same time,due to the increase in shrubs and dry farm,moderate soil erosion in some areas intensified.This method can quickly monitor the trend of soil erosion,providing relevant departments with support and data support,and providing favorable services for the improvement of the ecological environment.

关 键 词：土地利用 土壤侵蚀 坡度 土壤侵蚀分级 时空分析 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]