树仔菜枯萎病的病原鉴定及防治药剂筛选  

Isolation and identification of the pathogen of Fusarium wilt of Sauropus androgynus and fungicides screening

作　　者：魏敏[1] 孙晓东 王亚强 庞强强[2,3] 周曼 李申[1] 陈家路 Wei Min;Sun Xiaodong;Wang Yaqiang;Pang Qiangqiang;Zhou Man;Li Shen;Chen Jialu(Henan Vocational College of nursing,Anyang Henan 150030,China;The Institute of Vegetables,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of vegetable biology,Haikou Hainan 571100,China;Felix Dapare Dakora Hainan academician workstation,Haikou Hainan 571100,China)

机构地区：[1]河南护理职业学院,河南安阳455000 [2]海南省农业科学院蔬菜研究所/海南省蔬菜生物学重点实验室,海南海口571100 [3]菲利克斯·达帕雷·达科拉海南院士工作站,海南海口571100

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2023年第6期10-14,共5页China Plant Protection

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(322QN423);海南省重点研发专项(ZDYF2022XDNY143);海南省农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2020);菲利克斯·达帕雷·达科拉海南院士创新平台科研专项。

摘　　要：枯萎病是特色蔬菜树仔菜上的毁灭性病害,为研究其病原与防治方法,采用组织分离法从海南省树仔菜发病组织上分离病菌,对其进行形态特征观察、致病性验证、多基因序列分析及系统发育树构建,最终明确树仔菜枯萎病的病原为木贼镰刀菌(Fusarium equiseti)。采用菌丝生长速率法测定5种药剂对病原菌的抑制作用,发现戊唑醇抑菌效果最好,相应的EC50为0.62 mg/L。田间防治试验结果表明,25%戊唑醇水乳剂和25%代锰·戊唑醇可湿性粉剂的防病效果分别为82.48%和81.04%,可作为防治由木贼镰刀菌引起的树仔菜枯萎病的首选药剂。Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease of Sauropus androgynus.To clarify its pathogen and control methods,the pathogen was isolated and purified from diseased S.androgynus in Henan province by tissue block separation method.The pathogen was identified as Fusarium equiseti by pathogenicity detection,morphological observation,multi-gene sequence analysis,and phylogenetic tree construction.The mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the inhibitory effect of five fungicides on the pathogen.The results showed that tebuconazole had the highest fungicidal activity,with an EC50 of 0.62 mg/L.The results of the field experiment showed that the control effects of 25%tebuconazole EW and 25%mancozeb tebuconazole WP against Fusarium wilt were 82.48%and 81.04%,respectively,which could be used as the first choice for the control of this disease caused by F.equiseti.

关 键 词：树仔菜 枯萎病 病原鉴定 木贼镰刀菌 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S436.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]