利用热重红外联用技术快速鉴别单组分纺织纤维  

Rapid Identification of Fibers by TG/FTIR Method

作　　者：章斐[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学分析测试中心

出　　处：《纺织导报》2023年第4期89-94,共6页China Textile Leader

摘　　要：基于纤维在程序升温过程中热解产生逸出气的红外光谱与其结构的密切关系,文章提出利用热重红外联用技术(TG/FTIR)快速鉴别纺织纤维的新方法。检测了15种常用纺织纤维,发现合成纤维、蛋白质纤维、醋酯纤维和纤维素纤维的逸出气红外谱图有很大的差异性,而涤纶、腈纶、锦纶66、锦纶6、丙纶、丝、毛和醋酯纤维更有各自的红外特征吸收峰,可互相区别并准确鉴定。不同纤维素纤维的逸出气红外谱图比较相似,但通过特征峰强度对比和热重曲线分析,可以将棉、苎麻、亚麻与粘胶、莫代尔、莱赛尔纤维进行区分。TG/FTIR检测技术无需对样品进行前处理、操作简便、干扰因素少、谱图的特征识别性好,在纤维成分快速鉴别中具有独特的优势。Based on the close connection between the chemical structures and the Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectra of evolved gases of fibers,produced by the pyrolysis during the programmed heating process,the paper proposes a novel method to identify fibers by coupled technology of thermogravimetry and FTIR spectroscopy(TG/FTIR).Fifteen commonly used fibers were tested.It was found that there are great differences in the IR spectra of evolved gas among synthetic fiber,protein fiber,acetate fiber and cellulose fiber,while polyester fiber,acrylic fiber,polyamide 66 fiber,polyamide 6 fiber,polypropylene fiber,silk,wool and acetate fibers have their own characteristic IR absorption peaks,which enable the accurate identification of each other.Although the IR spectra of evolved gas of different cellulose fibers are very similar,cotton,ramie,and linen can still be distinguished from viscose,modal and lyocell through the intensity comparison of characteristic absorptions and the analysis of thermogravimetric curves.TG/FTIR detection technology has unique advantages in the rapid identification of fiber components owing to no need for sample pretreatment,simple operation,few interference factors and good characteristic recognition of spectrum.

关 键 词：热重红外联用 纤维鉴别 合成纤维 蛋白质纤维 纤维素纤维 

分 类 号：TS107[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]