镍-不锈钢复合板激光深熔焊工艺研究  

Study on Welding Process of Deep Penetration Laser Welding of Ni-clad Stainless Steel Plate

作　　者：严益 岳民杰 玉昆[1] 王金龙 YAN Yi;YUE Minjie;YU Kun;WANG Jinlong(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800

出　　处：《电焊机》2023年第7期46-51,共6页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：采用30 kW超高功率光纤激光器对总厚度20 mm的镍-不锈钢复合板开展激光深熔焊试验,分析了激光功率、焊接速度和离焦量对焊缝表面成形的影响。结果表明,在离焦量-8 mm,焊接速度2.1 m/min保持不变的情况下,随着激光功率的增加,焊缝均得以实现单面焊背面成形,但存在表面下塌、飞溅和咬边缺陷;当激光功率为26 kW时,在焊接过程稳定阶段(除起弧和收弧位置)获得了背面成形均匀、连续、根部熔透良好的焊缝;当激光功率为25 kW、离焦量为-8 mm时,焊接速度范围在1.8~2.4 m/min时,焊缝表面出现塌陷及底部驼峰缺陷;当焊接速度为2.4 m/min时,焊缝部分位置未焊透,且焊缝稳定性差;随着离焦量从-3 mm到-10 mm变化,焊缝均被熔透,但存在飞溅、咬边和表面下塌缺陷。本研究为后续进一步优化激光深熔焊工艺提供了试验依据。Deep penetration laser welding experiments were conducted on Ni-clad stainless steel plates with a total thickness of 20 mm using a 30 kW ultra-high power fiber laser.And the influences of laser power,welding speed and defocus on surface appearances of welds were investigated.The results showed that under the conditions of welding speed of 2.1 m/min,defocusing amount of-8 mm,with the increase of laser power,the welds of side welding both sides formation were obtained,but with spatter,undercut,surface undercut and root hump defects.At a laser power of 26 kW,the weld with uniform forming and continuous back,good root penetration was achieved in the stabilization stage of the welding process(except the arc generating and quenching positions).When the laser power was 25 kW,the defocusing amount was-8 mm and the welding speed range was from 1.8 m/min to 2.4 m/min,the defects of surface undercut and root hump appeared at the top and bottom surfaces respectively.At a speed of 2.4 m/min,the partial penetration welds were obtained.With the change of defocusing distance from-3 mm to-10 mm,the full penetration welds were obtained with spatter,undercut and surface undercut defects.The research in this paper provided an experimental basis for further optimization of deep penetration laser welding process.

关 键 词：超高功率激光 镍-不锈钢复合板 激光深熔焊 厚板 焊缝成形 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]