瑞香狼毒和麻花秦艽乙醇提取物对3种杂草种子萌发的影响  

Effects of ethanol extracts from Stellera chamaejasme L.and Gentiana straminea Maxim.on the seed germination of three kinds of weeds

作　　者：王宇哲 魏有海[1,2] 李娟 郭良芝 程亮[1,2] 郭青云 WANG Yuzhe;WEI Youhai;LI Juan;GUO Liangzhi;CHENG Liang;GUO Qingyun(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management of Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报》2023年第4期40-46,53,共8页Journal of Qinghai University

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0303);青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室(2022-ZJ-Y08)。

摘　　要：为探究瑞香狼毒和麻花秦艽乙醇提取物对杂草种子萌发的抑制作用,本试验采用种子生物测定法,测定青海天然草地瑞香狼毒和麻花秦艽乙醇提取物及分离组分对野燕麦、旱雀麦和野芥菜的生物活性.结果表明:瑞香狼毒乙醇提取物对3种杂草种子萌发有一定的抑制作用,麻花秦艽乙醇提取物对3种杂草种子萌发表现为"低促高抑"的双重效应,而瑞香狼毒和麻花秦艽乙醇提取物的不同有机溶剂萃取相对杂草种子萌发抑制作用强弱顺序分别为旱雀麦>野芥菜>野燕麦和野芥菜>野燕麦>旱雀麦.瑞香狼毒保留时间为5.50 min组分对旱雀麦根长抑制率较高,达83.38%,对野芥菜根长抑制率为73.85%;而麻花秦艽保留时间为15.66 min组分对旱雀麦和野芥菜种子芽长和根长的抑制率较低,介于30.18%~56.68%.可见,瑞香狼毒对杂草种子萌发表现出较强的抑制作用,具有一定的开发利用价值.In order to explore the inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts from Stellera chamaejasme L.and Gentiana straminea Maxim.on the seed germination of weeds,seed bioassay method is used to determine the effects of ethanol extracts and separated components of two plants on the biological activities of Avenafatua,Bromus tectorum and Brassica napus.The results show that the ethanol extracts of S.chamaejasme L.have a certain inhibitory effects on the seed germination of three kinds of weeds,while that of G.straminea Maxim.shows a dual effect of“low promotion and high inhibition”.The orders of inhibitory effects of organic ethanol extracts from S.chamaejasme L.and G.straminea Maxim.on the seed germination of weeds are Bromus tectorum>Brassica napus>Avenafatua and Brassica napus>Avenafatua>Bromus tectorum respectively.The components of S.chamaejasme L.with a retention time of 5.50 min has a higher inhibition rate of 83.38%on the root length of Bromus tectorum and 73.85%on that of Brassica napus,while that of G.straminea Maxim.with a retention time of 15.66 min has a lower inhibition rate of 30.18%~56.68%on the bud and root length of Bromus tectorum and Brassica napus.It can be seen that S.chamaejasme L.shows strong inhibitory effects on the seed germination of weeds,which means certain development and utilization values.

关 键 词：瑞香狼毒 麻花秦艽 提取物 杂草 种子萌发 抑制作用 

分 类 号：S459[农业科学—植物保护]