基于客流特征的轨道站点影响区和轨道站点之间功能布局研究——以厦门为例  

Functional Layout of Railway Station Areas and between StationsBased on Passenger Flow: A Case Study of Xiamen

作　　者：万莉 高悦尔[1] 沈晶晶 Wan Li;Gao Yue'er;Shen Jingjing(School of Architecture,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China;Xiamen Urban Planning and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen 361012,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学建筑学院,福建厦门361021 [2]厦门市城市规划设计研究院有限公司,福建厦门361012

出　　处：《热带地理》2023年第7期1247-1258,共12页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:面向复杂网络的城市大运量公交站点影响区空间关系识别与土地利用模式研究(52078224);2022年度福建省社科研究基地重大项目:智慧城市建设中的生活空间问题研究——以福建省为例(FJ2022JDZ017)。

摘　　要：轨道站点影响区和站点之间功能布局是落实TOD理念(Transit-Oriented-Development)——以公共交通为空间开发导向的重要内容,客流是站点功能布局成效的直接体现。通过轨道站点影响区POI结构,将厦门轨道站点分为单主导功能、双主导功能和混合功能3类。通过分析站点客流量,明晰站点影响区功能布局与出行发生之间的关系。以站点间客流OD量及站点客流OD在各距离段的分布,分析站点之间功能布局与空间客流分布的关系。根据现状呈现出来的轨道站点功能布局特征及对应的客流特征,提出下一步发展策略。结果表明:1)高客流量站点以单、双主导功能站点为主,混合功能站点客流量并不突出;2)同类型站点间OD量较小,不同类型站点间OD量较大,空间站点功能互补性直接影响OD的空间特征;3)站点各距离段OD比例受中心地职能等级及周边站点功能互补性的双重影响。文章基于对站点影响区和站点之间功能布局与乘客出行相关关系的分析,结合城市功能布局的市场规律及城市空间结构发展需求,提出站点影响区“混合基本功能,集聚主导功能”和站点之间“差异互补,连点成轴”的功能布局原则,以期为以轨道交通为主体的TOD综合开发提供参考。The comprehensive development of rail stations combining the Transit Oriented Development(TOD)concept with rail transit has been a research and practical hotspot in recent years.The functional layout within the station catchment area and between rail stations is an important basis for implementing TOD to guide the optimization of urban spatial structures,and passenger flow is a direct reflection of its functional layout effectiveness.Studying the adaptability of rail station functions through passenger flow characteristics has important practical significance for the comprehensive development of rail transit as the main body and for promoting the optimization of urban spatial structures.However,in existing research,there has been no unified conclusion on the mixed and differentiated functional layout of the station catchment area,which has often been advocated for the differentiation of functionality between stations,however,it mostly remains at the guiding ideology level.Therefore,this study categorized and assigned weights to the POI in the station catchment area and divided the Xiamen rail stations into three categories:stations with single dominant functions,stations with dual dominant functions,and stations with mixed functions.The relationship between the functional layout of stations and their corresponding spatial passenger flow was analyzed based on the OD volume of passenger flow between different functional types of stations and the distribution of OD in different distance segments.Based on the current functional layout characteristics and corresponding passenger flow characteristics of rail stations,further optimization strategies are proposed.The results show that:1)Stations with high passenger flow are mostly those with single and dual-dominant functions,and the passenger flow of stations with mixed functions is not prominent;high-passenger flow stations are mostly those with high-level central functions,mainly distributed in urban central areas;and low-passenger flow stations are spatially concentr

关 键 词：站点分类 功能布局 客流特征 中心地理论 厦门市 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]