基于ALOS DEM的乌蒙山国家级自然保护区地貌特征研究  

Geomorphic Features of Wumeng Mountain National Nature Reserve Based on ALOS DEM

作　　者：李伟 王平[2] 丁智强 李鹏映 廖正杭 华红莲[2] 李玉辉[2] Li Wei;Wang Ping;Ding Zhiqiang;Li Pengying;Liao Zhenghang;Hua Hongliang;Li Yuhui(Yunnan Wumeng Mountain National Nature Reserve Management Bureau,Zhaotong 657000,China;Department of Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 651500,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]云南乌蒙山国家级自然保护区管护局,云南昭通657000 [2]云南师范大学地理学部,昆明650500 [3]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007

出　　处：《热带地理》2023年第7期1390-1399,共10页Tropical Geography

基　　金：中央财政林业改革发展资金项目:云南乌蒙山国家级自然保护区地质地貌资源调查与研究(530600200000000025798)。

摘　　要：以乌蒙山国家级自然保护区为对象,融合野外地质地貌调查和ALOS DEM数字地形分析,定量与定性相结合阐述区内地形分异、地貌格局与发育演化等特征。结果表明:1)保护区基本地貌类型以大起伏中山(57.45%)为主,其次为大起伏亚高山(30.66%)和中起伏中山(11.17%),海拔、起伏度、坡度、面积-高程积分值等定量地形指标的平均值从三江口片区至朝天马、海子坪片区逐渐降低,夷平剥蚀面级数逐渐减少;2)保护区及附近地区共发育7级夷平剥蚀面,其中Ⅰ~Ⅲ级为山顶面和残余夷平面,Ⅶ级为金沙江侵蚀阶地面,Ⅳ~Ⅵ级为剥蚀面,与区域3次构造旋回相对应;3)保护区面积-高程积分值在0.197~0.815之间,平均为0.503,超过80%的区域处于地貌演化的壮年阶段,表明区域地表侵蚀动力较强,在人类活动增强背景下存在较大的生态风险,未来的保护规划应考虑各个基本地貌类型区的地表动力差异。综合而言,独特、丰富的地貌结构使得保护区生物多样性及其所依附的生态环境要素得以保存,加强地貌多样性研究有助于从整体性和系统性的角度实现保护区资源环境管理与可持续利用。Geomorphic features contribute to variations in regional climate,soil,and other ecological environment factors,which are also an important basis for the biodiversity and evolution of ecosystems.Studying geomorphic features in nature reserves provides a geomorphic basis for resource and environmental management and protecting ecology and biodiversity in these areas.This study revealed the terrain variation,geomorphic patterns,and developmental evolution of the Wumeng Mountain National Nature Reserve by combining quantitative and qualitative methods by investigating geomorphic features and advanced land observing satellite(ALOS)digital elevation model(DEM)terrain analysis.The results indicated that:(1)the reserve elevation was 980~2,454.7 m,with an average of 1,859.9 m,and the undulation was 390~2,104.7 m,with an average of 1,392.1 m.The basic geomorphic types of the reserve were mainly large undulating middle mountains(57.45),large undulating subalpine mountains(30.66%),and medium undulating mesas(11.17%),with an average slope of 21.1°.The gentle slopes(34.83%)had the highest proportion,followed by slopes(31.21%)and gently steep slopes(17.57%).The area of each aspect was the highest on half shady slopes(27.92%)and the least on sunny slopes(21.70%);(2)the reserve was located at the top part of the mountain,with the slope and undulation in the middle of each area being low and the surrounding area being high.From Sanjiangkou to Chaotianma and Haiziping,the average values of geomorphic parameters,such as elevation,undulation,slope,and hypsometric integral,decreased gradually,and there was a trend of progressive reduction in planation surfaces;(3)the terrain profile indicated seven planation surface levels around the reserve.Among them,levelsⅠ-Ⅲwere the summit surfaces and residual planation surfaces,levelⅦwas the Jinsha River erosional terrace surface,and levelsⅣ-VI were the planation surfaces,corresponding to the three tectonic cycles in the area;(4)the hypsometric integral of the reserve ranged from 0.197

关 键 词：基本地貌类型 面积-高程积分 地形剖面 ALOS DEM 乌蒙山国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：P931.6[天文地球—自然地理学]