Critical Care(重症照顾):概念分析  

Critical care:A concept analysis

作　　者：Martin Christensen Mining Liang 

机构地区：[1]School of Nursing,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong,China [2]The Interdisciplinary Centre for Qualitative Research,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong,China

出　　处：《International Journal of Nursing Sciences》2023年第3期403-413,共11页国际护理科学（英文）

摘　　要：目的"Critical Care"(重症照顾)和"Intensive Care Unit"(重症监护室)这两个术语在实际工作中描述一个医疗场所时经常被互换使用。对"Critical Care"的口语化使用使得其准确定义具有挑战性。本文旨在对"Critical Care"进行概念分析,制定其操作性定义(operational definition),明确其内涵。方法采用Walker和Avant八步法来指导本研究。检索数据库(CINAHL、Scopus、PubMed、ProQuest Dissertation Abstracts和Med line in EBSCO)中"Critical Care"相关文献,包括1990--2022年以英文撰写发表的质性和量性研究论文。结果.共检索到439篇论文,其中47篇符合纳人标准。"Critical Care"的概念属性包括:1)对疾病/损伤的不适应;2)收治标准;3)高精医疗技术;4)专业的医疗护理人员。前因是疾病/损伤进展到危急状况,患者身体和心理功能都明显下降,后续影响是死亡或存活(有或没有ICU治疗后综合症)。结论重症监护环境的高技术含量特性使关于“Critical Care"的描述更具挑战性。对此术语进行概念分析有助于明确其内涵和范围,为未来研究提供参考,促进相关评估工具的开发,深入了解重症监护环境中的医疗护理工作本质。Objective:The terms critical care and the Intensive Care Unit(ICU)are often used interchangeably to describe a place of care.Defining critical care becomes challenging because of the colloquial use of the term.Using concept analysis allows for the development of definition and meaning The aim of this concept analysis is to distinguish the use of the term critical care to develop an operational definition which describes what constitutes critical care.Method:Walker and Avant's eight-step approach to concept analysis guided this study.Five databases(CINAHL,Scopus,PubMed,ProQuest Dissertation Abstracts and Medline in EBSCO)were searched for studies related to critical care.The search included both qualitative and quantitative studies written in English and published between 1990 and 2022.Results:Of the 439 papers retrieved,47 met the inclusion criteria.The defining atributes of critical care included 1)a maladaptive response to ilness/injury,2)admission modelling criteria,3)advanced medical technologies,and 4)spec ialised health professionals.Antecedents were associated with ilness/injury that progressed to a level of criticality with a significant decline in both physical and psydhological functioni ng.Consequences were identified as either death or survival with/without experiencing post-ICU syndrolme.Conclusion:Describing critical care is often challenging because of the highly technical nature of the environment.This conceptual understanding and operational definition will inform future research as to the scope of critical care and allow for the design of robust evaluative instruments to bet ter understand the nature of care in the intensive care environment.◎2023 The authors.Published by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of the Chinese Nursing Association.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC ND license.

关 键 词：重症照顾 概念分析 重症监护 重症监护病房 重症治疗 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]