集中直流供电变频空调技术在轨道交通车辆上的研究及应用  

Research and Application of Centralized DC Power Supply Variable Frequency Air Conditioning Technology on Rail Transit Vehicles

作　　者：王正 张胜伟 赖杰文 龚惠华 廖章庆 Wang Zheng;Zhang Shengwei;Lai Jiewen;Gong Huihua;Liao Zhangqing(CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412001,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]中车株洲电力机车有限公司,湖南株洲412001 [2]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410082

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第7期6-10,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：轨道交通车辆空调作为整车的主要负载之一,约占到整个车辆辅助电源供电容量的70%~80%,其节能效果直接影响整车能耗。针对传统变频空调能效低、重量大及存在谐波危害等不足,提出了一种集中直流供电变频空调技术方案,在分析了传统变频空调和高压直进变频空调技术原理的基础上,发现了传统变频空调存在电源无效转换环节及高压直进变频空调采用分布式供电方式效率较低等问题,引出了集中直流供电变频空调系统的工作原理;同时对集中直流供电变频空调进行了系统设计和结构设计,并从系统能源效率、系统重量以及降低电流谐波3个方面进行了设计优化和试验验证。试验结果表明,集中直流供电变频空调系统与传统变频空调系统相比,能效提升了约10%,列车减重约2 t,列车每年节省能耗约16632 kWh,电流谐波由20%降低到10%以内。As one of the main loads of the entire vehicle,the air conditioning of rail transit vehicles accounts for approximately 70%to 80%of the auxiliary power supply capacity of the entire vehicle,and its energy-saving effect directly affects the energy consumption of the entire vehicle.A centralized DC powered variable frequency air conditioning technology solution is proposed to address the shortcomings of traditional variable frequency air conditioning,such as low energy efficiency,large weight,and harmonic hazards.Based on the analysis of the principles of traditional variable frequency air conditioning and high-voltage direct input variable frequency air conditioning technology,it is found that traditional variable frequency air conditioning has problems such as ineffective power conversion and low efficiency when using distributed power supply for high-voltage direct input variable frequency air conditioning,Introduced the working principle of the centralized DC power supply variable frequency air conditioning system.At the same time,the system design and structural design of the centralized DC power supply variable frequency air conditioning are carried out,and design optimization and experimental verification are carried out from three aspects:system energy efficiency,system weight,and reducing current harmonics.The test results show that compared with traditional variable frequency air conditioning systems,the centralized DC power supply variable frequency air conditioning system has improved energy efficiency by about 10%,reduces train weight by about 2 t,saves energy consumption of about 16632 kWh per year,and reduces current harmonics from 20%to less than 10%.

关 键 词：轨道交通车辆 变频空调 效率 集中直流供电变频空调 减重 

分 类 号：U264.7[机械工程—车辆工程]