不同浓度硅处理对玉米苗期形态和根系特征的影响  

Effects of Different Silicon Concentrations on Maize Seedling Morphology and Root Characteristics

作　　者：薛醒 赵潇彤 朱勤棋 张森焱 徐丽娜[1] 李丽杰 张志勇[1] XUE Xing;ZHAO Xiao-tong;ZHU Qin-qi(College of Life Science and Technology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Xinxiang,Henan 453003)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院生命科技学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第14期142-146,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(222102110185);河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(21IRTSTHN023)。

摘　　要：为探讨不同浓度硅元素对玉米苗期形态和根系生长的影响,以豫单9953为试验材料,设置0、0.5、1.5、3、5和10 mmol/L 6个硅浓度梯度,对玉米苗期株高、叶面积及根系形态特征进行分析。结果表明,硅能增加玉米幼苗的株高、叶面积、植株干鲜重,提高根系所占比例。施硅有效地增加了主胚根和侧胚根的根系长度、根表面积和根体积,显著增加了主根10 cm根段上侧根数目,对根系直径影响较小,硅促进效应表现为侧胚根优于主胚根。通过主成分分析筛选出株高、植株总干重和主根长等6个指标,可作为指示性指标用于评价硅酸钠对玉米幼苗地上和根系形态的影响。计算不同浓度下第一、二和第三主成分综合得分并对其进行排名,最终得到当硅浓度为3 mmol/L时,玉米叶片和根系生长指标最优。In order to explore the effects of different concentrations of silicon on the morphology and root growth of maize seedlings,taking Yu⁃dan 9953 as the experimental material,and six silicon concentration gradients of 0,0.5,1.5,3,5 and 10 mmol/L were set to analyze the plant height,leaf area,and root morphological characteristics of maize seedlings.The results showed that silicon application significantly pro⁃moted the growth of maize seedlings,increased the plant height,leaf area,dry and fresh weight of maize seedlings,and increased the propor⁃tion of roots.Silicon application effectively increased the root length,root surface area and root volume of the main radicle and lateral radicle,significantly increased the number of lateral roots on the 10 cm root segment of the main root,and had little effect on root diameter.The effect of the lateral radicle was better than the main radicle.Six indexes including plant height,total dry weight and main root length were selected by principal component analysis,which could be used as indicators to evaluate the effect of sodium silicate on the aboveground and root mor⁃phology of maize seedlings.The comprehensive scores of the first,second and third principal components at different concentrations were calcu⁃lated and ranked.Finally,when the silicon concentration was 3 mmol/L,the optimal growth indexes of maize leaves and roots were obtained.

关 键 词：玉米幼苗 硅 根系特性 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]