一种小裂纹转子系统的有限元建模方法  

A finite element modeling method for small crack rotor system

作　　者：胡楷 马军[1,2] 王晓东[1,2] 郑永思 HU Kai;MA Jun;WANG Xiaodong;ZHENG Yongsi(Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Yunnan Province,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院,昆明650500 [2]昆明理工大学云南省人工智能重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2023年第S01期344-353,421,共11页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62163020,62173168);云南省基础研究计划项目(202101BE070001-055)。

摘　　要：以自主搭建的转子裂纹故障模拟实验平台为对象,利用中性轴法确定转子裂纹单元的时变截面惯性矩,获得裂纹单元的刚度矩阵;基于有限元理论建立考虑裂纹故障的转子系统仿真模型,通过Newmark_β法数值求解系统的动态响应,研究了1/3和1/2临界转速下不同裂纹深度的振动特性;同时,采集平台的加速度振动信号,分析了1/3和1/2临界转速下不同裂纹深度的频率特征变化规律,验证了仿真模型的有效性。结果表明:相较于其他传统模型,中性轴法对小裂纹故障的表征具有较好的适用性;小裂纹故障发生时,在1/3临界转速下频域中3倍频特征明显;1/2临界转速下频域中2倍频和3倍频特征明显。分析结果可为小裂纹转子的故障诊断提供参考。Taking a self-built experimental platform of rotor crack fault simulation as the object,this paper uses the neutral axis method to determine the time-varying section moment of inertia of the rotor crack element,and obtains the stiffness matrix of the rotor crack element.Based on the finite element theory,a simulation model of the rotor system considering crack fault is established,and the dynamic response of the system is obtained by Newmark_βmethod.The vibration characteristics of different crack depths at 1/3 and 1/2 of the critical speeds are systematically studied.At the same time,by collecting the acceleration vibration signal of the platform,the frequency characteristics of different crack depths at 1/3 and 1/2 of the critical speeds are analyzed,and the effectiveness of the simulation model is verified.The results show that,compared with other traditional models,the neutral axis method has strong applicability to the characterization of small crack faults.When a small crack fault occurs,the triple frequency characteristics in the frequency domain are obvious at 1/3 of the critical speed,and the double frequency and triple frequency characteristics in the frequency domain are obvious at 1/2 of the critical speed.The analysis results can provide some reference for the fault diagnosis of rotor small cracks.

关 键 词：裂纹转子 有限元 中性轴法 转子系统 动态响应 

分 类 号：TH11[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TH133.2