“个人信息权”理论体系之重述——以霍菲尔德权利理论为指引  

Restatement of the Theoretical System of“Rights to Personal Information”—Guided by Hohfeld’s Theory of Rights

作　　者：李晓磊 吴勇 Li Xiaolei;Wu Yong(School of Cyber Security and Information Law,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065;The Post-Doctoral Research Center,the National Information Center,Beijing 100045)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学网络空间安全与信息法学院,重庆400065 [2]国家信息中心博士后科研工作站,北京100045

出　　处：《信息安全研究》2023年第8期777-783,共7页Journal of Information Security Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA127);重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目(22SKGH141);重庆市教育科学规划课题(2019-GX-309)。

摘　　要：“个人信息权”作为数字经济的基石性概念,迄今尚未被我国法律所确认.学界关于“个人信息权”的研究仍处初始阶段.霍菲尔德权利理论是权利分析领域极具影响力的学说.因此,在霍菲尔德权利理论指引下,结合《中华人民共和国民法典》《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》等相关规定,重述“个人信息权”理论体系.在该体系中,个人信息权的权利主体应归属于自然人;权利客体为个人信息;个人信息权内容是由信息支配权、信息知情权、撤回同意权、信息更正权、可携带权、限制处理权、信息删除权等组成的权利集合.当个人信息主体享有相应的权利(right)、特权(privilege)、权能(power)和豁免(immunity)的同时,个人信息处理者承担与之相应的义务(duty)、无权利(no-right)、无能力(disability)和责任(liability).As the cornerstone of digital economy,“rights to personal information”has not been confirmed by Chinese law.The academic research on“rights to personal information”is still in the initial stage.Hohfeld’s theory of rights is influential in the field of rights analysis.Therefore,under the guidance of Hohfeld’s theory of rights,this paper restates the theoretical system of“rights to personal information”in combination with the relevant provisions of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China and the Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China.In this system,the right subject of personal information should belong to natural person;the object of right is personal information;the content of personal information right is a rights collocation composed of the right to domination over information,the right to be informed about information,the right to withdraw consent,the right to information rectification,the right to carry information,the right to restriction of processing and the right to erasure of information.When the subject of personal information enjoys right,privilege,power and immunity,the personal information processor bears the corresponding duty,no-right,disability and liability.

关 键 词：个人信息 个人信息权 霍菲尔德权利理论 法律关系 理论建构 

分 类 号：TP309.2[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]