矾制半夏传统炮制探讨  

Discussion on Traditional Processing of Baifan(Alumen)Made Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma)

作　　者：于大猛[1] YU Dameng(Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《辽宁中医药大学学报》2023年第6期5-10,共6页Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A00415,CI2021A03701)。

摘　　要：矾制半夏始于宋代,金元及明代矾制半夏的种类逐渐增多。清代出现泛滥之势,影响至今。矾制半夏能减轻半夏戟人咽喉的刺激性并增强半夏化痰湿的作用,弊端是白矾致呕烧心的不良反应及半夏辛味丧失所致降逆止呕作用的下降。其炮制方法众多,包括浸泡法、煮制法、制曲法、制散法等。以《太平惠民和剂局方》汤洗矾浸姜制法最为经典,以制曲法对咽喉刺激性最小。研究发现,内服半夏的炮制标准不是麻舌而是去除滑液,外用半夏的代表方剂苦酒汤值得进一步开发。《中华人民共和国药典》姜半夏宜温水淘洗后入药。加强半夏传统汤洗姜制法的研究,以替代姜半夏。Baifan(Alumen)made Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma)began in the Song Dynasty,and the types of Baifan(Alumen)made Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma)increased gradually in the Jin Yuan and Ming Dynasties.In the Qing Dynasty,there was a trend of flooding,which had an impact so far.The mechanism of preparing Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma)with Baifan(Alumen)is to reduce the irritation of the throat of its halberd and enhance its role in resolving phlegm and dampness.The disadvantage is that the side effect of Baifan(Alumen)is nausea and heartburn,and the loss of the pungent taste of Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma)decreases its anti nausea and anti emetic effect.There are many processing methods,including soaking,boiling,fermenting,powder making,etc.The method of washing-alumand,ginger soaking in Prescription of Peaceful Benevolent Dispensary is the most classic,and the method of fermentation is the least irritating to the throat.The study found that the processing standard for oral administration of Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma)is not tongue numbness but the removal of synovial fluid.The representative prescription of Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma)for external use,Kujiu Decoction(苦酒方),is worthy of further development.In Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China,Jiangbanxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Zingibere Et Alumine)should be used as medicine after washing with warm water.Strengthen the research on the traditional method of washing ginger in Pinellia ternata soup to replace Jiangbanxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum Cum Zingibere Et Alumine).

关 键 词：半夏 白矾 炮制 解毒 弊端 工艺 

分 类 号：R283[医药卫生—中药学]