早产儿母亲育儿支持现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of status quo and influencing factors of parental support of premature mothers

作　　者：项旦丹 曹雪宏[1] 余海英[1] 张静[1] 林小清[1] XIANG Dandan;CAO Xuehong;YU Haiying;ZHANG Jing;LIN Xiaoqing(Department of Neonatal,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学附属第二医院新生儿科,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2023年第8期1347-1350,共4页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2021KY800)。

摘　　要：目的本研究从早产儿母亲角度出发,旨在了解其育儿支持现状并探讨影响育儿支持水平的相关因素,以期为早产儿母亲育儿支持管理策略的制定提供参考依据。方法采用便利抽样的方法,于2022年8-12月选取温州市2所三甲医院202名早产儿母亲作为研究对象。采用一般情况调查表、婴儿母亲育儿支持问卷、角色适应问卷及育儿胜任感量表的自我效能分量表进行问卷调查。结果早产儿母亲育儿支持标准分为4分,其中,育儿困难感维度5分,家庭支持维度3分,自身情况维度4分,丈夫情况维度3分,婴儿情况维度4分;早产儿母亲产次、家庭居住地、受教育程度在育儿支持得分之间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);早产儿母亲育儿支持与自我效能、角色适应及各维度均呈负相关关系(r=-0.169~-0.541,均P<0.05);多元逐步回归分析显示,自我效能、受教育程度、角色适应的婴儿日常生活照顾能力及产妇母亲角色幸福感维度、产次进入回归方程,解释总变异的34.7%。结论早产儿母亲育儿支持水平有待提高,医护工作者应注重对低自我效能感、低学历、低角色适应初产妇的育儿支持水平的关注,采取个性化干预措施,提高其育儿支持水平,为早产儿提供更好的家庭护理。Objective From the perspective of the mothers of premature infants,this study aims to understand the current situation of parenting support and explore the factors affecting the level of parenting support,in order to provide a reference for the development of parenting support management strategies for the mothers of premature infants.Methods There were 202 mothers of premature infants were selected from 2 Class A tertiary hospitals in Wenzhou city from August to December in 2022 by convenient sampling.General Situation Questionnaire,Parenting Support for Mothers of Infants,Role Adaptation Questionnaire and Self-efficacy Subscale of Parenting Sense of Competence Scale were used to conduct the questionnaire survey.Results The parenting support for mothers of infants were 4 points,child-raising difficulty were 5 points,the family support were 3 points,their own situation were 4 points,the husband's situation were 3 points,the baby situation were 4 points.There were differences in the number of births,family residence,and education among the parenting support scores(all P<0.05).Parenting support for preterm mothers was negatively correlated with total self-efficacy,role adaptation,and scores for all dimensions(r was-0.169 to-0.541,all P<0.05).Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that self-efficacy,educational level,role-adapted infant ability to care for daily life,maternal role happiness dimensions,and birth entry into the regression equation,explaining 34.7%of the total variation.Conclusion The level of parenting support for mothers of premature infants needs to be improved.Medical workers should pay attention to low self-efficacy,low education,low role adaptation and parenting support level for primiparas,adopt personalized intervention measures,improve their parenting support level,and provide better home care for premature infants.

关 键 词：早产儿 母亲 育儿支持 角色适应 自我效能 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科] R715.3[医药卫生—临床医学]