高层公共建筑事故灾难应急能力定量评估方法与实践  

Quantitative evaluation method andpractice of emergency responsecapability for high-rise public buildings

作　　者：陈刚[1] 张晓蕾 徐帅[1] 杨文涛[1] 苗永春 吴真真 高进东[1] CHEN Gang;ZHANG Xiao-lei;XU Shuai;YANG Wen-tao;MIAO Yong-chun;WU Zhen-zhen;GAO Jin-dong(China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2023年第5期1415-1422,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：中国安全生产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2022JBKY05)。

摘　　要：为科学评估城市高层公共建筑事故灾难应急能力,基于我国对高层公共建筑事故灾难应急能力管理制度和标准要求,设置了高层公共建筑事故灾难应急能力的构成指标,采用层次分析法确定了各级指标的权重,提出了我国高层公共建筑事故灾难应急能力评估的体系框架,并以南京市某高层公共建筑为实例,运用模糊综合法对该高层公共建筑的事故灾难应急能力进行了定量评估。该高层公共建筑事故灾难应急能力定量评估得分为83.6363,级别为“好”。研究表明,该评估方法能较为准确、客观地反映出高层公共建筑的事故灾难应急能力,并可根据定量评估结果,有针对性地进行高层公共建筑事故灾难应急能力的提升和完善,为科学评估并提升高层公共建筑事故灾难应急能力提供参考。To scientifically evaluate the emergency response capability of urban high-rise public buildings for accidents and disasters,based on the requirements of China's management system and standards for emergency response capability of highrise public buildings for accidents and disasters,the composition indicators of emergency response capability of high-rise public buildings for accidents and disasters are set up.The weights of indicators at all levels are determined by using the analytic hierarchy process,and the system framework of emergency response capability evaluation of high-rise public buildings for accidents and disasters is proposed.Taking a high-rise public building in Nanjing as an example,the fuzzy comprehensive method is used to quantitatively evaluate the emergency response capability of the high-rise public building.The quantitative evaluation score of the emergency response capability of the highrise public building is 83.6363,and the level is“good”,which suggests that the professional training of emergency rescue teams and on-site command and dispatching personnel should be strengthened.Besides,the accident potential danger troubleshooting system should be perfected.Moreover,possible accident risks and emergency resources should be further investigated to improve the emergency plan.In addition,the emergency drill plan should be improved to ensure that the plan is feasible and effective in case of major accidents and disasters.Through the evaluation of the accident disaster emergency response capability of the high-rise public building,the results show that the evaluation method can accurately and objectively reflect the accident disaster emergency response capability of the high-rise public building,and according to the quantitative evaluation results,the accident disaster emergency response capability of the high-rise public building can be improved and perfected pertinently,providing a scientific reference for scientific evaluation and improvement of the accident disaster emergency response c

关 键 词：安全工程 高层公共建筑 应急能力 定量评估 层次分析法 模糊综合评价法 

分 类 号：X92[环境科学与工程—安全科学]