猕猴桃花粉活力测定条件的优化研究  

Study on the Condition Optimization for Pollen Vitality Test of Kiwifruit

作　　者：徐达 王梦钦 董云龙 张云峰[1,2] XU Da;WANG Mengqin;DONG Yunlong;ZHANG Yunfeng(School of Life Sciences,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500;Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy,Ministry of Education,Kunming 650500)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学生命科学学院,昆明650500 [2]生物能源持续开发利用教育部工程中心,昆明650500

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第19期44-50,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目“R2R3myb基因对灯盏素合成的调控机制及其在苯丙烷代谢网络中两类功能物质合成分配中的作用研究”(31960066)。

摘　　要：人工辅助授粉是猕猴桃优产高效栽培的重要保障之一,而花粉质量是其中最为重要的限制因素。本研究以不同电商平台销售的猕猴桃花粉为材料,基于正交试验、响应面试验设计对TTC法测定猕猴桃花粉活力的条件进行优化,同时对萌发率、授果率与花粉活力进行相关性分析。结果表明,不同电商销售的花粉在花粉数量、花粉活力、萌发率及坐果率上均存在较大差异;TTC法检验猕猴桃花粉活力的最佳条件为TTC浓度、染色温度、染色时间分别为0.7%、30℃、25 min;花粉萌发最佳条件为0.2%硼酸、15%蔗糖;在猕猴桃人工授粉过程中,花粉萌发率与坐果率的相关性最高,而花粉活力与萌发率并非完全一致;部分电商平台销售花粉的花粉活力低、坐果率低。因此,在互联网背景下,涉及农业生产的相关产品应加强管理。Artificial supplementary pollination is one of the important technical guarantees for efficient cultivation of kiwifruit,and the pollen quality is the top limiting factor for artificial pollination during the cultivation.Based on the orthogonal experiment and the response surface design,the condition optimization for pollen vitality test with TTC staining was studied with differential pollen samples of kiwifruit purchased from ecommerce platforms.Meanwhile,the correlations of pollen vitality with in vitro germination rate of pollen and fruit setting rate were analyzed.The results showed that the pollen amount,pollen vigor,germination rate and fruit setting rate had obvious differences among the pollen samples.The best condition for TTC staining test of kiwifruit pollen vitality was TTC concentration of 0.7%,dyeing temperature of 30℃,and dyeing time of 25 min.The optimum condition for pollen germination was boric acid of 0.2%and sucrose content of 15%.The results also showed that the pollen germination rate and fruit setting rate had high correlation during artificial pollination,but the pollen vitality and the germination rate was not well consistent.And some pollen samples bought from e-commerce platforms had low pollen vitality and low fruit setting rate.Therefore,the on-line business of agricultural production materials should be well managed and supervised.

关 键 词：猕猴桃 花粉量 花粉活力 离体萌发 响应面分析 

分 类 号：S162.4[农业科学—农业气象学]