香榧林下复合种植模式对皖南山区土壤养分保持的影响  

Effects of Compounds Plantations of Torreya grandis on Soil Nutrient Conservation in Mountainous Areas of Southern Anhui Province

作　　者：罗毅 张雪 佘新松[1] 庄敏 苏敏 胡长玉[1] 田原 LUO Yi;ZHANG Xue;SHE Xinsong;ZHUANG Min;SU Min;HU Changyu;TIAN Yuan(College of Life and Environmental Science,Huangshan University,Huangshan,Anhui 245041)

机构地区：[1]黄山学院生命与环境科学学院,安徽黄山245041

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第20期51-59,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范项目“林下复合种植经营技术示范应用推广”(175070050002);安徽省教育厅一般项目“生态定位监测获取大规模数据分析皖南香榧径向变化对主导环境因子饱和水汽压差的响应”(KJHS2021B01);黄山学院人才启动项目“磁性载磷生物炭施用酸性红壤后磷的淋失规律及对土壤肥力的影响”(2020xkjq010);黄山学院教学研究项目“绿色发展+智慧教学背景下化学课程教学模式的构建”(2020JXYJ32);安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目“改性生物炭/零价铁填料在潜流人工湿地的研究”(S202110375096)。

摘　　要：在山地进行种植作业通常要考虑防治土壤侵蚀,起到涵养水源,调节地表径流和减少养分流失的作用。本研究对安徽省黄山市休宁县鹤城乡境内香榧基地山场里4种复合种植与1种香榧单种模式进行探讨。通过比较土壤养分的总量和迁移状况分析复合种植模式对该类型山地土壤养分保持的影响。结果表明:(1)香榧—掌叶覆盆子复合种植(T1)对土壤总氮、总磷、总钾、速效钾和pH的影响显著,其含量分别比香榧单种(CK)提高了1.2倍、0.5倍、0.2倍、0.3倍和0.1倍;香榧—黄精复合种植(T2)对土壤总磷、有效磷、总钾、速效钾的影响更为明显,其含量分别比CK提高了0.4倍、2.3倍、0.2倍和0.3倍;香榧—前胡复合种植(T3)对土壤速效钾和pH的影响更为明显,分别比CK提高了0.5倍和0.1倍;香榧—艾蒿复合种植(T4)同样对土壤速效钾和pH的影响更为明显,分别比CK提高了0.2倍和0.1倍。(2)土壤养分在坡顶、坡腰和坡底处分布不均衡,其中香榧—黄精和香榧—艾蒿复合种植对有效磷的分布影响均较大。(3)复合种植后土壤pH和含水率均有一致性变化,相关性分析表明pH和含水率与土壤养分含量分别成显著正相关和显著负相关关系。研究表明,复合种植有利于提高山地土壤p H,活化和保持土壤养分,同时降低土壤含水率。The prevention and control of soil erosion should be considered when planting in mountainous areas,so as to conserve and regulate surface runoff and reduce nutrient loss.In this paper,four compound planting patterns and a single planting pattern of Torreya grandis were studied in the mountain field of Torreya grandis base in Hecheng Township,Xiuning County,Huangshan City,Anhui Province.By comparing the total amount and migration of soil nutrients,the effect of compound planting pattern on soil nutrient conservation in this type of mountain was analyzed.The results showed(1)The compound planting of Torreya grandis-Rubus palmatum(T1)had significant effects on soil total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available potassium and pH,and its contents were 1.2,0.5,0.2,0.3 times and 0.1 times higher than that of Torreya grandis(CK)alone respectively;the effects of compound planting of Torreya grandis-RhizomaPolygonatum(T2)on soil total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium were more obvious,and their contents were 0.4,2.3,0.2 times and 0.3 times higher than that of CK respectively;there had more obvious effects on soil available potassium(0.5 times higher than that of CK)and pH(0.1 times higher than CK)in the compound planting of Torreya grandis-Peucedanumpraeruptorum(T3)pattern;the compound planting of Torreya grandis-Artemisia annua(T4)also had obvious effects on soil available potassium and pH,which were 0.2 times and 0.1 times higher than that of CK respectively;(2)Soil nutrients were distributed unevenly at the top,middle and bottom of the slope,and there had greater impact on the distribution of available phosphorus in compounds planting of Torreya grandis-RhizomaPolygonatumandTorreya grandis-Artemisia argyi.(3)The consistent changes in soil pH and water content were found in compound planting treatments,and the soil pH and water content were significantly positively correlated with soil nutrient content and significantly negatively correlated with soil nutrient content by

关 键 词：香榧 复合种植 山地土壤养分 土壤PH 含水率 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学] S19[农业科学—农业基础科学]