复配材料对中南地区冶炼厂周边镉铅复合污染土壤的影响  

Effects of Compound Passivation Materials on Cadmium and Lead Compound Polluted Soil around Smelters in Central and Southern Regions

作　　者：邓林 戴青云 和君强 桂娟 周金泉 符云聪 刘代欢 黎红亮 DENG Lin;DAI Qingyun;HE Junqiang;GUI Juan;ZHOU Jinquan;FU Yuncong;LIU Daihuan;LI Hongliang(Yonker Environmental Protection Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410330;National Engineering Research Center for Soil Nutrient Management and Pollution Remediation,Nanjing 210008)

机构地区：[1]永清环保股份有限公司,长沙410330 [2]土壤养分管理与污染修复国家工程研究中心,南京210008

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第21期68-74,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：2018年国家重点研发计划—场地土壤污染成因与治理技术“中南有色金属冶炼场地综合防控及再开发安全利用技术研发与集成示范”(2018YFC1802700);“冶炼场地与周边重金属原位生物固定稳定修复技术及装备研发应用示范”(2018YFC1802702)。

摘　　要：研究旨在探讨中南地区冶炼厂周边土壤镉铅复合污染问题,降低冶炼厂周边土壤污染风险。通过筛选3种复配钝化材料,进行土培试验模拟,探讨复配材料对株洲冶炼厂周边重金属污染土壤的钝化效果。结果显示:相同试验条件下,通过3种(C1、C2、C3)钝化材料处理后的土壤浸出溶液中镉、铅浓度均未超过《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)Ⅳ类标准,可溶性土壤重金属含量符合环境质量标准。从3种材料对湖南株洲冶炼厂周边土壤镉和铅第7、15、30天的钝化效果看,添加1.0%的C1(黏土矿物+TMT)材料钝化镉铅效果最好,酸浸态镉含量降低率最高达到了97.02%,酸浸态铅含量降低率最高达到99.37%。C1钝化材料对土壤中镉铅影响随着时间的推移从可交换态、铁锰氧化物结合态慢慢向残渣态转移,大大降低了镉铅向周边环境迁移转化的能力,减少了中南地区冶炼厂周边镉铅环境污染的风险。该试验筛选出了镉铅复合污染土壤钝化材料,为解决中南地区冶炼厂周边污染治理的提供了参考。This study aims to discuss the combined pollution of cadmium and lead in soils around smelters in central and southern China,and reduce the risk of soil pollution around the smelter.Three compound passivation materials were selected and soil culture experiments were conducted to investigate the passivation effect of compound materials on heavy metal contaminated soil around Zhuzhou Smelter.The results showed that under the same experimental conditions,the concentrations of cadmium and lead in the soil leaching solution treated with three passivation materials(C1,C2 and C3)did not exceed the Class IV standard in the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838—2002),the content of heavy metals in soluble soil conformed to the environmental quality standards.According to the passivation effects of the three materials on Cd and Pb in the soil around Zhuzhou smelter in Hunan Province on the 7th,15th and 30th days,the addition of 1.0%C1(clay mineral+TMT)material had the best passivation effect on cadmium and lead.The highest reduction rate of cadmium acid leaching state content reached 97.02%,and the highest reduction rate of lead acid leaching state content reached 99.37%.The effect of C1 passivation materials on cadmium and lead in soil gradually shifted from the exchangeable state and the bound state of iron and manganese oxides to the residual state with the passage of time,which reduced the migration ability of cadmium and lead heavy metals,reduced the cadmium and lead risk around the smelter to the environment.This experiment screened out the conditioning passivation materials for the combined pollution of cadmium and lead in soils,which provided a reference for solving the pollution control around smelters in central and southern China.

关 键 词：中南冶炼厂周边 镉铅 2 4 6-三巯基均三嗪三钠(TMT) 黏土矿物 复配材料 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]