工业革命时期英国棉纺织产业的空间布局及历史影响  

The Industrial Space and Historical Influence of British Cotton Textiles during the Industrial Revolution

作　　者：杨松[1] YANG Song(School of History and Culture,Shanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,陕西西安710119

出　　处：《安徽史学》2023年第4期115-122,共8页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助一般项目“英国棉纺织工业发展研究(1760—1860)”(19FSSB015)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：工业革命时期,英国棉纺织产业因地理因素及区域集聚优势主要分布在英格兰的西北部,围绕兰开夏郡形成以曼彻斯特为起点,向东部和北部延伸十英里宽的纺织工业地带。英国以战争资本主义为工具,将巨大“新兴地带”纳入棉纺织体系中,构筑起以兰开夏郡为中心的全球矩阵,形成世界核心与边缘的贸易模式。英国棉纺织的产业空间分布促成高度专业化和相互关联的经济网络,使纺织工业地带的诸多城镇快速崛起,同时助推着产业分工与全球体系的演进;而产业的空间扩张不断推进棉花种植的地理边疆,影响着纺织供应链上人们的生活和人类的生存环境,对世界经济具有深远的历史影响。During the Industrial Revolution,the cotton textile industry was mainly distributed in the northwest of England due to geographical factors and regional agglomeration advantages.A textile industrial zone with Manchester as a starting point was formed around Lancashire and extended to the east and north for ten miles.Using war capitalism as a tool,the United Kingdom incorporated huge“emerging areas”into its cotton textile system,building a global matrix centered on Lancashire,and forming a worldwide“core and peripheral”trade model.The spatial distribution of the British cotton textile industry contributed to a highly specialized and interconnected economic network,which led to the rapid rise of many towns in the textile industry belt,and at the same time promoted the evolution of the global system.Meanwhile,the“never-ending”spatial expansion continues to promote the frontier of cotton planting,which affected the lives of people in the cotton textile supply chain and the living environment of mankind,and had a profound historical impact on the world economy.

关 键 词：英国 棉纺织业 空间区位 兰开夏郡 历史影响 

分 类 号：K561.43[历史地理—历史学]