基于激光谐振腔的智能光子计算研究进展与挑战  

Advances and Challenges in Intelligent Optical Computing Based on Laser Cavities

作　　者：吴佳蔚 王豪 付星 柳强[1,2] Wu Jiawei;Wang Hao;Fu Xing;Liu Qiang(Department of Precision Instrument,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Key Laboratory Photonic Control Technology,Ministry of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学精密仪器系,北京100084 [2]光子测控技术教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《中国激光》2023年第11期16-31,共16页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62275137)。

摘　　要：随着人工智能技术的飞速发展与广泛应用,人们对计算资源的需求日益增长,面对电子摩尔定律所遇到的原理性瓶颈,光子以高传输速度、高并行度等优势成为研究人员心目中的下一代计算机载体之一。近年来的研究工作显示,激光谐振腔内许多有趣的物理现象和复杂的动态演化过程能够被用于各种各样的数据处理与计算任务,极大地拓展了激光器的应用范围。在这篇综述中,笔者对基于激光谐振腔的智能光子计算的研究进展进行了集中的介绍与梳理,主要内容涵盖利用激光腔内的混沌过程辅助光电强化学习、利用光反馈激光器的非线性信号变换构建光电储备池网络,以及利用激光网络向稳定振荡状态的自发演化求解组合优化问题。在介绍相关最新进展之余,笔者分析讨论了智能激光计算系统面临的挑战,并对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望。Significance With the advent of the information era,the development of artificial intelligence technology has undergone an unprecedented transformation,leading to a growing demand for computing resources and efficiency.However,conventional computers based on electronic transistors,constrained by von Neumann architectures,encounter performance bottlenecks in complex computing tasks such as deep neural networks and large-scale combinatorial optimizations.To circumvent the limitations of traditional computing hardware systems,researchers have begun exploiting the inherent properties of different physical systems for computation or computing acceleration,including quantum computing,DNA computing,neuromorphic computing,and optical computing.Among the innovative computing approaches mentioned above,optical computing aims to construct all-optical or optoelectronic systems for information processing by leveraging the physical properties of light and the intricate interactions between light and matter.Optical computing excels in many complex computing tasks due to ultra-fast transmission speeds,high parallelism,and minimal energy consumption.Since the proposal of the optical correlator in the 1950s and 1960s,optical computing has consistently drawn the attention of researchers across various fields.With emerging concepts,such as on-chip optical neural networks,diffractive deep neural networks,optoelectronic reservoir computing,and photonic Ising machines,the application potential of photons in diverse complex computing tasks is becoming increasingly evident.It is not an exaggeration to state that photons are evolving into one of the foundations of next-generation computing.Lasers,as high-performance light sources,play a crucial role in industrial manufacturing and scientific research.Generated by laser cavities,laser has been widely employed in fabrication,measurement,communication,medicine,and other fields.In recent years,researchers have discovered that lasers can also serve as powerful computational tools.Specifically,

关 键 词：光计算 激光器 人工智能 光电强化学习 光电储备池计算 光学伊辛机 

分 类 号：TN29[电子电信—物理电子学]