Neutralizing Antibody Responses against Five SARS-CoV-2 Variants and T Lymphocyte Change after Vaccine Breakthrough Infections from the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 Variant in Tianjin, China: A Prospective Study  

作　　者：ZHANG Ying QU Jiang Wen ZHENG Min Na DING Ya Xing CHEN Wei YE Shao Dong LI Xiao Yan LI Yan Kun LIU Ying ZHU Di JIN Can Rui WANG LIN YANG Jin Ye ZHAI Yu WANG Er Qiang MENG Xing 

机构地区：[1]Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China [2]Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease,Tianjin 300011,China [3]National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China [4]Sinovac Biotech Ltd,Beijing 100085,China

出　　处：《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》2023年第7期614-624,共11页生物医学与环境科学（英文版）

基　　金：funded by the Emergency prevention and cure Program of COVID-19[22ZXGBSY00010];Tianjin Medical Key Discipline Project[TJYXZDXK-50A];sponsored by Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau and Tianjin Municipal Health Commission,respectively.

摘　　要：Objective To investigate whether Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection after receiving the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine could create a strong immunity barrier.Methods Blood samples were collected at two different time points from 124 Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infected patients and 124 controls matched for age,gender,and vaccination profile.Live virus-neutralizing antibodies against five SARS-CoV-2 variants,including WT,Gamma,Beta,Delta,and Omicron BA.1,and T-lymphocyte lymphocyte counts in both groups were measured and statistically analyzed.Results The neutralizing antibody titers against five different variants of SARS-CoV-2 were significantly increased in the vaccinated population infected with the Omicron BA.1 variant at 3 months after infection,but mainly increased the antibody level against the WT strain,and the antibody against the Omicron strain was the lowest.The neutralizing antibody level decreased rapidly 6 months after infection.The T-lymphocyte cell counts of patients with mild and moderate disease recovered at 3 months and completely returned to the normal state at 6 months.Conclusion Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection mainly evoked humoral immune memory in the original strain after vaccination and hardly produced neutralizing antibodies specific to Omicron BA.1.Neutralizing antibodies against the different strains declined rapidly and showed features similar to those of influenza.Thus,T-lymphocytes may play an important role in recovery.

关 键 词：SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Omicron BA.1 T cells Neutralizing antibodies 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]