工作台倾斜对角度测量的影响分析及应用  

The analysis and application of influence of table tilt on angle measurement

作　　者：戴雨辰 沈小燕 DAI Yuchen;SHEN Xiaoyan(College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学计量测试工程学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《中国测试》2023年第7期9-15,共7页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51875543);浙江省属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2020YW03)。

摘　　要：工作平台的倾斜会导致自准直仪在配合转台进行角度测量时产生测角误差,研究该倾斜引起的误差规律不仅对提高测角精度具有重要意义,还对实现测角仪器的标定具有参考价值。论文首先基于三个状态参数(平面倾斜角θp、反射面方位角θx、反射面垂直度ϕ),通过齐次坐标变换推导建立转台配合自准直测角时由平台倾斜导致的误差数学模型;接着以模型中的θx为自变量,在不同量级的θp、ϕ的取值下仿真得到多组误差曲线,对比分析并总结该误差的分布规律;最后,基于该误差的特性提出一种自准直测角标定方法,分析表明,取反射面方位角θx=90°时,该方法可实现每步大小为θp·ϕ的角度改变量,是标定自准直仪的一种可行途径。The tilt of worktable leads to a systematic angle error when autocollimator measures angles cooperating with a turntable.The research on this error not only is meaningful for improving the angle measurement accuracy,but also has referential value for realizing the calibration of angle measurement instruments.Firstly,based on the three state parameters(table tilt angleθp,mirror azimuthθx and mirror perpendicularityϕ)and the principle of homogeneous coordinate transformation,this paper derives the mathematical model of the error caused by table tilt angle when the turntable measuring angles cooperating with an autocollimator Secondly,regardingθx as the independent variable,some groups of error curves are simulated with the different magnitudes ofθp andϕ.Comparison analysis and conclusion for the regularity of this curves are done.Finally,a method for angle calibration of autocollimator based on the nature of the error is proposed.The analysis indicates that this method realizes an angle variationθp·ϕeach step whenθx=90°,which may be a feasibility way to calibrate autocollimator.

关 键 词：计量学 平台调倾 测角误差 自准直仪 谐波分析 

分 类 号：TB922[一般工业技术—计量学] TB9[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]