硫肥与磷肥联用对稻田土壤Cd有效性的影响  

Effects of combined application of sulfur and phosphorus fertilizers on Cd availability in paddy soil

作　　者：贺浪 李虹颖[2] 熊启中 张红梅 刘王兵 叶新新[1] HE Lang;LI Hongying;XIONG Qizhong;ZHANG Hongmei;LIU Wangbing;YE Xinxin(College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University/Anhui Province Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphate Fertilizer/Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention/Jianghuai Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Resources Protection and Ecological Restoration,Hefei 230036,China;Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Anhui Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230001,China;Anhui Province Institute of Land and Spatial Planning,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院/安徽省绿色磷肥智能制造与高效利用工程研究中心/农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室/江淮耕地资源保护与生态修复重点实验室,合肥230036 [2]安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,合肥230001 [3]安徽省国土空间规划研究院,合肥230601

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2023年第4期185-191,共7页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：安徽省自然资源科技项目(2021-K-4);安徽省教育厅重点项目(2022AH050886);安徽省科技重大专项(202103a06020012)。

摘　　要：为探究硫肥与磷肥联用对稻田土壤中镉(Cd)的钝化效果,采用土壤培养试验,研究了2种硫肥(硫磺和硫酸钠)与钙镁磷肥联用对稻田土壤中Cd有效性变化规律和Cd形态转化的影响,共设置6种处理:对照(CK)、钙镁磷肥(P)、硫磺(S1)、硫酸钠(S2)、钙镁磷肥+硫磺(PS1)及钙镁磷肥+硫酸钠(PS2),并分析了土壤Cd有效性与有效硫、有效磷、pH及Eh的关系。研究结果显示,在土壤中施用不同钝化材料后,土壤有效Cd含量均明显降低,其中PS1处理有效Cd含量最低,较CK降低了49.8%;钙镁磷肥能够提高土壤pH值,较CK升高了0.39;硫磺能显著降低土壤Eh值,较CK降低了23.2%,并促进了SO_(4)^(2-)向S^(2-)的还原;硫磺和钙镁磷肥联合施用可以显著增加土壤有效磷的含量,与CK相比较,PS1处理土壤有效磷含量提高了81.9%;硫磺和钙镁磷肥联合施用,通过对Eh、有效硫和有效磷的调控,可协同促进土壤的可交换态Cd向残渣态Cd转化。研究结果表明,在缓解稻田Cd污染方面,硫磺和钙镁磷肥的联用具有潜在应用前景。A soil culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of two sulfur fertilizers including sulfur and sodium sulfate combined with calcium magnesium phosphate on the changes in Cd availability and the transformation of Cd morphology in paddy soil to investigate the immobilization effect of sulfur fertilizer combined with phosphorus fertilizer on cadmium(Cd)in paddy soil.Six treatments including control(CK),calcium magnesium phosphate(P),sulfur(S1),sodium sulfate(S2),calcium magnesium phosphate+sulfur(PS1),and calcium magnesium phosphate+sodium sulfate(PS2)were set up.The relationship between the Cd availability in soil and the available sulfur,available phosphorus,pH,and Eh was analyzed.The results showed that the Cd availability in soil decreased significantly after applying different immobilization materials in the soil.Among them,PS1 treatment had the lowest content of available Cd,which decreased by 49.8% compared to CK.P treatment increased soil pH by 0.39 compared to CK.S1 treatment significantly reduced the soil Eh value,which was 23.2% lower than CK,and promoted the reduction of SO_(4)^(2-)to S^(2-).PS1 treatment significantly increased the content of available phosphorus in soil.Compared with CK,the available phosphorus in PS1 treatment increased by 81.9%.PS1 treatment synergistically promoted the Cd transformation of exchangeable fraction to residual fraction in soil due to the regulation of soil Eh,available sulfur and available phosphorus.It is indicated that the combination application of sulfur and calcium magnesium phosphate has potential in alleviating Cd pollution in paddy soil.

关 键 词：镉形态 镉污染 硫肥 钙镁磷肥 土壤污染 土壤修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S143[农业科学—肥料学]