藏文文法《三十颂》和《字性组织法》与古藏文音节结构之间的差异研究  

A Study on the Differences Between the Tibetan Grammatical Treaties"Sum Bcu Pa","RtagsVjug"and Ancient Syllable Structure in Tibetan Language

作　　者：泽让供 Tsering Gon(School of Public Administration in Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学学公共管理学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《青海民族大学学报（藏文版）》2023年第1期68-83,共16页Journal of qinghai minzu University：Tibetan Version

摘　　要：公元11世纪前藏文文献中的字母组合规律和语法应用方式,与《三十颂》和《字性组织法》中所提出的文法理论之间有很大差异,主要体现在元音的书写法,介词的使用和前置字的用法等三个方面。鉴于此,当今诸多学者也提出《三十颂》和《字性组织法》两部文法理论成书于12世纪的观点。本文通过搜集大量的古典文献和文法理论典籍,进行透彻地研究和分析,发现藏文第三次厘定时对两部文法要义进行了重新阐述和注释,后期诸多藏文文法理论均以著名学者鄂·罗丹喜饶的《藏文应用字典》中所提出的新的规范要求为依据,对《三十颂》和《字性组织法》要义做了新的阐释和注解,从而形成了11世纪前藏文文献中的字性结构和字母组合规律,与两部经典文法著作中的相关原理不一致的现象。This paper makes a preliminary discussion on the inconsistency between the letter combination law and grammar application in ancient Tibetan literature before the 11th century and the theories of"Sum Bcu Pa"and"Rtags Vjug",and finds that the differences between them are mainly reflected in three aspects which are the writing of vowels,standardization of prepositions,and the usage of prepositions.Therefore,some scholars have argued that the traditional Tibetan grammar treaties"Sum Bcu Pa","Rtags Vjug"were not composed before 12th century.It is believed that the main reason for this is that during the"Third Bkas Bcad",a brand-new annotation has been made to the two grammatical treatises,especially after the new standard requirements put forward in Dag Yig Nyer Mkho wrriten by Ngog Loden Sherab,the grammar principles of Tibetan language are re-explained and re-annotated.Thus,the phenomenon of inconsistency between the character structure and letter combination rules in Tibetan literature before the 11th century and the relevant principles in two classic grammar works were formed.

关 键 词：《三十颂》 《字性组织法》 古藏文字性结构 差异 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]