平板集磁器结构对涡流分布与集磁效果的影响规律  

Influence of the Structure Parameters of the Flat Field Shaper on the Eddy Current Distribution and Magnetic Concentration Effect

作　　者：李成祥[1] 沈婷 吴浩 周言[1] 米彦[1] Li Chengxiang;Shen Ting;Wu Hao;Zhou Yan;Mi Yan(State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆400044

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第15期4087-4096,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1238,CSTB2022NSCQMSX1504);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(52207148);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究计划重点项目(KJZD-K202203102)资助。

摘　　要：电磁脉冲焊接技术在异种金属连接领域展现出广阔的应用前景,集磁器是电磁脉冲焊接系统中的重要组件,可以增强焊接区域局部磁场,改善电磁力分布,提高电磁能量利用率。该文以与多匝线圈配合使用的平板集磁器为研究对象,探究平板集磁器结构与集磁效果的对应关系,分析集磁器缝隙面夹角α对涡流分布的影响规律,提出漏电流和有效电流,并基于电路-磁场耦合的仿真模型计算集磁器的电流幅值及其有效电流比例,采用不同结构特征(锐角、直角和钝角)的集磁器开展铜板与铝板的电磁脉冲焊接实验。结果表明:集磁器缝隙面涡流流向存在分叉现象,根据电流作用于焊接与否,可将其分为有效电流和漏电流两部分,集磁器的上孔直径通过影响有效电流比例改变集磁效果。随着上孔直径增大,集磁器感应产生的总电流降低,但集磁器缝隙面夹角α同时也下降,有效电流比例会提高,所以集磁效果先升后降;当α为锐角时,有利于提高集磁效果,且当α为45°时,集磁效果最佳。相同电压下,采用锐角集磁器所获得的焊接样品抗拉强度最高,直角集磁器次之,钝角集磁器最低。该文可为电磁脉冲焊接系统中集磁器的设计提供实验依据和科学支撑。Electromagnetic pulse welding(EMPW)technology has broad application prospects in the field of dissimilar metal connecting.Field shaper is an important part in the EMPW system.However,there are few researches on the influence of the structure of flat plate field shaper on its wording efficiency by changing the distribution of eddy currents.Therefore,the relationship among the structural parameters,eddy current distribution and wording efficiency of field shaper was explored from the basic principle of field shaper.The flat field shaper used with multi-turn coil was taken as the research object.The circuit-magnetic field coupling model of EMPW plates was established by COMSOL Multiphysics.Reflected the wording efficiency of the field shaper by calculating the maximum instantaneous magnetic flux density on the surface of the plate to be welded.The structural parameters that affected the effectiveness of the field shaper include height,upper and lower surface diameter,upper and lower hole diameter and gap angleα,The angleαwere jointly determined by the upper and lower hole diameters.When the coil and sample to be welded were confirmed,the diameter of the upper and lower surfaces and the diameter of the lower hole were determined accordingly,which were 200 mm,20 mm and 10 mm respectively according to the application scenarios of EMPW.When the diameter of the upper hole was 10 mm.The simulation result showed that as the height of the field shaper increased,the cancellation effect of the magnetic flux density generated by the induced eddy currents on the upper and lower surfaces of the field shaper gradually weakened,but the eddy current loss increased.So the working efficiency of field shaper first increased and then decreased with the increased of height,and it was the best at a height of 10 mm.There was bifurcation phenomenon of eddy current in the field shaper gaps,it could be divided into two parts:effective current and leakage current,and the effective current can be used for welding.The angleαhad an important

关 键 词：集磁器 电磁脉冲焊接 结构特征 漏电流 有效电流比例 

分 类 号：TM89[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]