中国残疾儿童康复救助:演进历程、路径特征与制度化建设  

Rehabilitation Assistance for Children with Disabilities in China:Evolution,Path Features and Institutionalization

作　　者：张浩淼[1] Zhang Haomiao(School of Public Administration,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《社会保障评论》2023年第3期106-120,共15页Chinese Social Security Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“全面建成小康社会背景下相对贫困治理的实现路径研究”(22&ZD060)。

摘　　要：残疾儿童康复救助是中国共产党践行“人人享有康复服务”的发展目标,优化残疾儿童社会救助体系的创新性战略部署。新中国成立以来,我国残疾儿童康复救助历经了试探化探索、渐进式推进、项目式演绎、制度化发轫的梯度性发展历程,呈现由康复主导向康复预防并行、项目运作向制度保障、单一主导到多元协同、选择性到普惠性的发展轨迹,实现了残疾儿童康复救助的观念演变、运行升级、主体优化和客体扩充。在迈向包含残疾儿童在内的全体人民共同富裕的道路上,要通过制度化建设来实现残疾儿童康复救助的高度系统化、稳定化和规范化,保证制度的长期有序运行,为此,应完善相关法律法规、优化制度设计、调动社会参与并建构良好的技术支撑条件,加快残疾儿童康复救助的制度化建设步伐,以改善残疾儿童康复状况并促进残疾儿童全面发展。Rehabilitation assistance for children with disabilities is a strategic plan implemented by the Communist Party of China to achieve the goal of"rehabilitation services for all"and improve the social assistance system for children with disabilities.Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China,rehabilitation assistance for children with disabilities has undergone a gradual and exploratory development process,resulting in advancements in concepts,operational mechanisms,benefits,providers,and recipients.However,in order to achieve common prosperity for all individuals and ensure the sustainable and effective operation of the system,it is necessary to establish a highly systematic,stable,and standardized approach through institutionalization.This paper proposes measures such as improving relevant laws and regulations,optimizing system design,mobilizing social participation,and creating favorable technical support conditions to accelerate the institutionalization process of rehabilitation assistance for children with disabilities.This will enhance the rehabilitation status of children with disabilities and promote their comprehensive development.

关 键 词：残疾儿童 康复救助 康复服务 制度化建设 

分 类 号：R493[医药卫生—康复医学] D669.69[医药卫生—临床医学]