改性凹凸棒土对PBAT阻燃性能的影响  

Effect of modified attapulgite on flame retardancy of the PBAT

作　　者：王波[1] 毛双丹 林福华[2,3,4] 张咪 李向阳 WANG Bo;MAO Shuangdan;LIN Fuhua;ZHANG Mi;LI Xiangyang(College of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China;Shanxi Chemical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Jinzhong 030600,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学化学工程与技术学院,山西太原030024 [2]中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室,广东广州510640 [3]太原科技大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [4]山西化工研究所有限公司,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《精细化工》2023年第7期1562-1569,1604,共9页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：山西省重点研发项目(202102040201004);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2021L315);山西省研究生优秀创新项目(2021Y685);中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室开放基金项目(E129kf0601);太原科技大学研究生联合培养示范基地项目(JD2022016)。

摘　　要：用费托蜡(FTW)对凹凸棒土(ATP)进行表面改性制备了阻燃剂F-ATP,并对其形貌、结构及其热稳定性进行了表征。将阻燃剂F-ATP加入到聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)基体中制备了PBAT/F-ATP复合材料。采用极限氧指数测定仪(LOI)、垂直燃烧测试(UL-94)、锥形量热仪(CCT)、TG-IR、拉曼光谱仪和SEM对复合材料的阻燃性能进行了分析。结果表明,改性后的ATP团聚现象消失且热稳定性明显提高。阻燃剂F-ATP质量分数为10%的PBAT/F-ATP复合材料(PBAT-3)阻燃效果最佳,其LOI值达到23.5%,UL-94等级达到V-1级,熔滴现象得到明显改善。与ATP质量分数为10%的PBAT/ATP复合材料相比,PBAT-3复合材料的峰值热释放速率值(PHRR)、总热释放量(THR)分别降低了4.99%和26.11%。PBAT-3复合材料气态产物的释放量在整个燃烧过程中均降低,起到了很好的气相阻燃效果,这主要归因于阻燃剂F-ATP的加入使PBAT/F-ATP复合材料形成致密且连续性好的炭层结构,有效地隔绝了复合材料内部与外界的热量/质量传递。Flame retardant F-ATP was prepared by surface modification of attapulgite(ATP)with Fischer-Tropsch wax(FTW)and characterized for its morphology,structure and thermal stability.The composites polybutylene adipate/terephthalate(PBAT)/F-ATP were then synthesized via addition of F-ATP into PBAT matrix,and further analyzed for the flame retardancy property by LOI,UL-94,CCT,TG-IR,Raman spectrometer and SEM.The results showed that the F-ATP displayed no aggregation and its thermal stability was significantly improved.PBAT-3 composites with 10%(mass fraction)flame retardant F-ATP exhibited the best flame-retardant performance,with its LOI value and UL-94 grade reaching 23.5%and V-1 grade and great improvement in the droplet phenomenon.Moreover,PBAT-3 composites,in comparison to PBAT/ATP composites with 10%(mass fraction)ATP,showed decreases in the PHRR and THR values by 4.99%and 26.11%,respectively.Meanwhile,PBAT-3 composites also showed a decrease in release of gaseous products during the whole combustion process,indicating good gas phase flame retardant effect.The outstanding flame retardant performance of PBAT/F-ATP composites was mainly attributed to the dense and continuous carbon layer formed due to the addition of flame retardant F-ATP,which effectively insulated the heat/mass transfer between the interior and exterior of the composite.

关 键 词：聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯 凹凸棒土 费托蜡 力学性能 阻燃性能 橡塑助剂 

分 类 号：TQ32[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]