海藻酸钠/石墨烯微胶囊对涤纶织物的阻燃处理  

Flame-retardant treatment of polyester fabric by graphene sodium alginate/graphene microcapsules

作　　者：谷金峻 魏春艳 郭紫阳 殷洁瑶 白晋 赵航慧妍 GU Jinjun;WEI Chunyan;GUO Ziyang;YIN Jieyao;BAI Jin;ZHAO Hanghuiyan(School of Textile and Material Engineering,Dalian Polytechnic University,Dalian 116034,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学纺织与材料工程学院,辽宁大连116034

出　　处：《精细化工》2023年第7期1576-1586,共11页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：用石墨烯(Gh)包覆聚磷酸铵(APP)制备出粒径范围为750~1450 nm的APP@Gh微胶囊。将该微胶囊与海藻酸钠(SA)水凝胶共混制备出阻燃涂覆液(SA/APP@Gh),采用浸轧法制备SA/APP@Gh/涤纶织物,并测试了其阻燃性能、力学性能以及热力学性能。结果表明,以含有25 g/L SA和8 g/L APP@Gh微胶囊的涂覆液处理后的涤纶织物的极限氧指数由原涤纶织物的19.80%上升到27.88%,达到难燃织物的标准。SA/APP@Gh/涤纶织物垂直燃烧实验测试指标达到B-2级,且燃烧后产生熔滴的现象消失。阻燃涤纶织物的残炭由无到连续且致密,但其力学性能降低,断裂拉伸强力由原涤纶织物的138.48 N降低到108.86 N。SA/APP@Gh/涤纶织物达到最大热分解速率的温度未产生明显变化,其残炭率由原涤纶织物的12.07%上升至26.98%,其最大质量损失速率由原涤纶织物的1.79%/℃降低至0.96%/℃,其热焓值由原涤纶织物的50.43 J/g上升至68.40 J/g,其导热系数由原涤纶织物的5.26×10^(–5)W/(cm·℃)提高到8.42×10^(–5)W/(cm·℃),涤纶织物的热性能得到了提高。Graphene(Gh)microcapsules with particle size ranging 750~1450 nm were prepared by coating ammonium polyphosphate(APP)with graphene,and then blended with sodium alginate hydrogel to produce flame-retardant coating solution.Sodium alginate/graphene microcapsules/polyester fabric(SA/APP@Gh/polyester fabric)was further synthesized with dipping rolling method,followed by analysis on its flame retardancy,mechanical properties and thermal properties.The results showed that the ultimate oxygen index of the polyester fabric,treated with the flame-retardant coating solution containing 25 g/L sodium alginate and 8 g/L graphene microcapsules,increased from 19.80%(original polyester fabric)to 27.88%,met the standard of flame resistant fabric.The vertical combustion test index of SA/APP@Gh/polyester reached B-2,with the melting droplet phenomenon disappeared after combustion.The char of SA/APP@Gh/polyester fabric became continuous and dense,while the mechanical properties reduced with breaking strength decreased from 138.48 N to 108.86 N.The temperature at which SA/APP@Gh/polyester fabric reached the maximum thermal decomposition rate did not show significant change.The carbon residue rate of SA/APP@Gh/polyester fabric increased from 12.07%to 26.98%,and the maximum mass loss rate decreased from 1.79%/℃to 0.96%/℃.The thermal enthalpy increased from 50.43 J/g to 68.40 J/g,and the thermal conductivity increased from 5.26×10^(–5) W/(cm·℃)(original polyester fabric)to 8.42×10^(–5) W/(cm·℃),indicating improved thermal properties.

关 键 词：涤纶织物 海藻酸钠 石墨烯微胶囊 热性能 阻燃性能 力学性能 

分 类 号：TS195.592[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]