Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP阻燃聚丙烯酸酯乳液的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP flame retardant polyacrylate emulsion

作　　者：江慧 唐玲玲 葛明华 谢于辉 梅毅[1,2,3] 谢德龙 JIANG Hui;TANG Lingling;GE Minghua;XIE Yuhui;MEI Yi;XIE Delong(Faculty of Chemical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学化学工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省磷化工节能与新材料重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [3]云南省高校磷化工重点实验室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《精细化工》2023年第7期1605-1617,共13页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：云南省基础研究计划项目(202101AU070012,202201AT070115)。

摘　　要：首先,采用乳液聚合法制备了固含量为45%的水性聚丙烯酸酯乳液,随后向其中加入复合阻燃剂哌嗪改性聚磷酸铵(Pa-APP)、季戊四醇(PER)和α-磷酸锆(α-ZrP)制备了Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP阻燃聚丙烯酸酯乳液,并测定其阻燃效率,分析其阻燃机制。通过正交实验得到复合阻燃体系的最佳配方为:复合阻燃剂在聚丙烯酸酯乳液中添加量为25%(以聚丙烯酸酯乳液固体质量计,下同),其中α-ZrP添加量为2%(以聚丙烯酸酯乳液固体质量计,下同),m(Pa-APP)∶m(PER)=4.5∶1,在该条件下制备的Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP阻燃聚丙烯酸酯乳液的极限氧指数达30.4%,UL-94测试达V-1等级,热释放速率峰值和总热释放量比纯聚丙烯酸酯分别降低了77.65%和39.73%。通过SEM-EDS、XPS、FTIR表征了Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP阻燃聚丙烯酸酯乳液燃烧后的残炭形貌和成分。结果表明,Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP阻燃聚丙烯酸酯乳液能够有效抑制聚丙烯酸酯燃烧过程中的熔滴,提高残炭量并改善炭层结构,降低燃烧过程中的总产烟量,从而提高Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP阻燃聚丙烯酸酯乳液的阻燃安全性能。Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP flame-retardant polyacrylate emulsion was prepared from water-borne polyacrylate emulsion with 45%solid content synthesized by emulsion polymerization,composite flame retardant,piperazine-modified ammonium polyphosphate(Pa-APP),pentaerythritol(PER)andα-zirconium phosphate(α-ZrP),followed by analysis on its flame-retardant efficiency and flame-retardant mechanism.The optimal formula of the composite flame retardant system obtained by orthogonal experiment was as follows:the dosage of composite flame retardant 25%(based on the mass of polyacrylate emulsion,the same below),the dosage ofα-ZrP 2%(based on the mass of polyacrylate emulsion,the same below),m(Pa-APP)∶m(PER)=4.5∶1.The limiting oxygen index of Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP flame retardant polyacrylate emulsion prepared under the above-mentioned conditions reached 30.4%,the UL-94 test reached V-1 grade,and the peak heat release and total heat release were reduced by 77.65%and 39.73%compared with those of pure polyacrylate,respectively.The morphology and composition of carbon residues after combustion of Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP flame retardant polyacrylate emulsion was characterized by SEM-EDS,XPS and FTIR.The results showed that Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP flame retardant polyacrylate emulsion could effectively inhibit the droplets in the combustion process of polyacrylate,increase the residual carbon amount,improve the carbon layer structure,and reduce the amount of flue gas released during combustion,leading to significant safety performance improvement of Pa-APP/PER/α-ZrP flame retardant polyacrylate emulsion.

关 键 词：阻燃剂 聚丙烯酸酯 Α-磷酸锆 聚磷酸铵 哌嗪改性 季戊四醇 丙烯酸系列化学品 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]