滑动弧等离子体固氮研究进展  

Recent Progress in Nitrogen Fixation via Gliding Arc Plasma

作　　者：徐晓芳 陈强[1] 张海宝[1] XU Xiao-Fang;CHEN Qiang;ZHANG Hai-Bao(Laboratory of Plasma Physics and Materials,Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication,Beijing 102600,China)

机构地区：[1]北京印刷学院等离子体物理与材料实验室,北京102600

出　　处：《应用化学》2023年第7期923-937,共15页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.11875090);北京市自然科学基金(No.1192008);北京市教委项目(No.KM202010015003)资助。

摘　　要：传统工业固氮采用哈伯-博施(Haber-Bosch)工艺,但是需要高温高压,能耗高,污染严重。滑动弧等离子体(Gliding arc plasma,GAP)兼具热等离子体和冷等离子体的优点,能够高效地产生活性物种,显著提高能量效率,使其在固氮领域具有很大的潜在应用价值,近年来受到人们的广泛关注。然而,目前GAP固氮相关研究还比较零散,有必要对具体内容进行总结归纳。本文主要综述了近10年来国内外GAP固氮研究进展,主要包括GAP放电机制、反应器设计、工艺参数研究以及固氮反应机理研究。GAP放电存在击穿伴随滑动放电的B-G模式和持续稳定放电A-G模式,A-G模式放电有助于提高固氮效率。随着滑动弧放电技术的不断发展,GAP反应器中电极结构从传统的2D刀片结构演变到了多种3D柱形结构。通过工艺优化,GAP有助于N_(2)分子的振动激发,从而促进N_(2)分子的分裂转化。最后,对GAP固氮研究进行了展望。Traditional industrial nitrogen fixation(NF) process uses the Haber-Bosch process which requires high temperature and high pressure,causing high energy consumption and serious pollution.Gliding arc plasma(GAP) combines the advantages of thermal plasma and cold plasma,which can efficiently produce active species and improve energy efficiency obviously.It has great application potential in the field of NF,and has received extensive attention in recent years.However,the research on NF via GAP is relatively fragmented at present.It is necessary to summarize the specific content.The research progress of NF via GAP at home and abroad in past 10 years is reviewed in this paper,mainly including GAP discharge mechanism,reactor design,process parameters and NF reaction mechanism.GAP discharge has B-G mode with breakdown following gliding discharge and A-G mode with continuous steady discharge.A-G mode discharge helps to improve nitrogen fixation efficiency.With the continuous development of GAP discharge technology,the electrode structure in GAP reactor has evolved from the traditional 2D blade structure to a variety of 3D cylindrical structures.Based on process optimization,GAP facilitates the vibrational excitation of N_(2) molecules,thereby promoting the splitting and transformation of N_(2) molecules.In the last,the research on NF through GAP is prospected.

关 键 词：固氮 滑动弧等离子体 反应器 能耗 反应机理 

分 类 号：O646.9[理学—物理化学]