硅丙乳液的表征、性能及其在模拟病害壁画修复中的应用  

Characterization,Property and Application of Silicone Acrylic Emulsion as a Kind of Protection Material for Murals

作　　者：方晓芸 赵林毅[1,2] 王磊 李菱志 俞洁 陆泉芳[5] 李燕飞[1,2] FANG Xiao-Yun;ZHAO Lin-Yi;WANG Lei;LI Lin-Zhi;YU Jie;LU Quan-Fang;LI Yan-Fei(National Research Center for Conservation of Ancient Wall Paintings and Earthern Site Dunhuang Academy,Dunhuang 736200,China;Key Scientific Research Base of Conversation for Ancient Mural,Dunhuang 736200,China;Gansu Mogao Grottoes Cultural Heritage Protection Design Consulting Co.LTD,Dunhuang 736200,China;Technical Service Center of Cultural Relic Conservation,Dunhuang Academy,Dunhuang 736200,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]国家古代壁画与土遗址保护工程技术研究中心,敦煌研究院,敦煌736200 [2]古代壁画保护国家文物局重点科研基地,敦煌736200 [3]甘肃莫高窟文化遗产保护设计咨询有限公司,敦煌736200 [4]敦煌研究院文物保护技术服务中心,敦煌736200 [5]西北师范大学化学化工学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《应用化学》2023年第7期1004-1016,共13页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFC1520700);甘肃省科技厅重点研发项目(No.20YF8FA014);敦煌文物保护研究中心开放课题(No.GDW2021YB04);敦煌研究院院级课题(No.2021-KJ-QN-2)资助。

摘　　要：为了在理论上建立起一套完整、客观的性能评价方法,对硅丙乳液的颗粒尺寸、热稳定性、结构和形貌进行了表征,测定了乳液质量分数与其粘度、表面张力等关系。通过用硅丙乳液修复模拟起甲和酥碱的壁画,进一步验证乳液的性能。结果表明,硅丙乳液属于非晶态(无定形态)结构,乳胶粒子形貌接近球形,平均粒径为190 nm,颗粒无团聚现象,较小的粒径可以提高乳液的渗透能力;Si—O—Si键的引入有效提高了硅丙乳液的热稳定性和耐热老化性;随着硅丙乳液质量分数的增大,表面张力下降,相对粘度升高;硅丙乳液的机械稳定性、贮存稳定性、热稳定性和耐盐性较好。硅丙乳液在修复起甲、酥碱壁画后,分别循环20和12次老化,颜料层未发生显著差异,说明硅丙乳液可以作为一种性能优异的胶凝材料用于起甲、酥碱壁画的修复中。In order to establish a complete and objective evaluation method in theory for property,a systematic study of silicone acrylic emulsion is carried out in this paper.The thermal stability,structure,morphology and particle size of silicone acrylic emulsion are characterized and analyzed.The relationship between the concentration of silicone acrylic emulsion with its viscosity and surface tension is investigated.In addition,to further verify the properties,the silicone acrylic emulsion is used for repairing the flaking and disrupting murals.The results show that the silicon acrylic emulsion is amorphous,the particles are nearly spherical without agglomeration,and its average particle size is 190 nm.The thermal stability and thermal aging resistance are improved effectively due to the introduction of Si—O—Si bond.With the increase of silicon-acrylic emulsion concentration,the surface tension decreases and the relative viscosity increases.Silicon-acrylic emulsion has good mechanical stability,storage stability,thermal stability and salt tolerance.Silicon-acrylic emulsion is used for restoration of the flaking and disrupting murals as cementing materials after aging experiment in various conditions.It is shown that silicone acrylic emulsion is a suitable material for mural conservation.All results indicate that silicon-acrylic emulsion can be used as a kind of excellent cementing material in repairing the flaking and disrupting mural.

关 键 词：硅丙乳液 微观形貌 壁画 文物保护 文物修复 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学]