关系的变革与重塑——《博物馆和社区:公共文化的政治学》导读  

Transformation and Reshaping of Relationships-Introduction to"Museums and Communities:The Politics of Public Culture"

作　　者：郭岚 Guo Lan

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育基本理论研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《文博学刊》2023年第2期127-135,共9页Journal of Archaeology and Museology

摘　　要：社区对博物馆而言具有重要的现实意义。1990年洛克菲勒基金会和史密森学会共同举办了一场会议,探究博物馆与社区双向建构的互动关系。此次会议的论文集《博物馆和社区:公共文化的政治学》于1992年出版,共收录了17篇案例研究和3篇评论文章。第一部分“公民社会和社会身份认同”,关注公民身份在公民社会中如何被经验和形塑,以及公民身份如何在以博物馆为代表的公共文化机构中得到表征;第二部分“观众、所有权和权威:在博物馆和社区间建构关系”,呈现了博物馆与社区互动过程中权力展演的复杂性;第三部分“通过展览和收藏定义社区”,讨论了文化多样性在不同时空语境下的展演以及话语权代表性的问题。总体而言,该书反映出博物馆的工作越来越受观众及其所在社区驱动的整体趋势。对博物馆而言,需要考虑的不仅仅是博物馆在公民社会中应当承担的社会责任,还有如何动态地处理博物馆内外、社区内外差异化的声音,直面复杂的现实情境。Communities are of great practical significance to museums.In 1990,the Rockefeller Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution jointly organized a conference to explore the interactive relationship of mutual construction between museums and communities.The proceedings of the conference,Museums and Communities:The Politics of Public Culture,published in 1992,contains 17 case studies and 3 review articles.Part one,"On Civil Society and Social Identity",focuses on how citizenship is experienced and shaped in civil society,and how citizenship is represented in public cultural institutions such as museums.Part two,"Audience,Ownership,and Authority:Designing Relations",presents the complexities of how power plays out in the interaction between museums and communities.Part three,"Defining Communities Through Exhibiting and Collecting,addresses the performance of cultural diversity in different temporal and spatial contexts,and the representation of discourse.Overall,the book refects the general trend that museums are increasingly driven by their audiences and the communities in which they operate.For museums,there is a need to not only consider what social responsibilities museums should take in civil society,but also how to dynamically deal with differentiated voices inside and outside the museums and communities,and face complex real-life situations.

关 键 词：博物馆 社区 公民社会 文化多样性 关系性思维 

分 类 号：G260[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]