大型球磨机用高性能轧制钢球的热处理  

Heat treatment of high performance rolled steel balls for large ball mills

作　　者：张来潮 金云学[1] 诸旭伟 王炳生 贾伯山 Zhang Laichao;Jin Yunxue;Zhu Xuwei;Wang Bingsheng;Jia Boshan(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212000,China;Shandong Zhaojin Grinding Media Co.,Ltd.,Zhaoyuan Shandong 265400,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏镇江212000 [2]山东招金新型耐磨材料有限公司,山东招远265400

出　　处：《金属热处理》2023年第7期84-90,共7页Heat Treatment of Metals

基　　金：山东招金集团科技研发项目(2021CL602F)。

摘　　要：研究了B3钢球生产过程中加热温度、淬火温度及回火工艺对其组织性能的影响,并对试制钢球进行了抗冲击检测。结果表明,在980~1080℃加热温度下,B3钢淬火后组织为马氏体+残留奥氏体,当加热温度达到1080℃时,马氏体组织尺寸超过20μm,钢球的硬度、冲击性能有所下降。B3钢适宜的加热温度在980~1030℃之间。在相同加热条件下,随着淬火温度升高,钢球中残留奥氏体的含量有所下降,钢球内部片状马氏体逐渐增多。淬火温度为750~780℃时,钢球内部出现片状马氏体+板条马氏体的混合组织,硬度、冲击性能最佳。经冷却低温回火处理后,钢球组织为回火马氏体,从表面到心部几乎不存在硬度差,同时冲击性能与未回火相比得到大幅提升。大直径Φ125 mm轧制钢球最适宜的热处理工艺为:加热温度为980~1030℃,淬火温度为750~780℃,待钢球表面冷却至50℃后进行低温回火处理。试制钢球经9 m高,落球次数>29 000次落球试验后,钢球表面仍保持良好,满足大型球磨机的用球要求。The influence of heating temperature,quenching temperature and tempering process on the microstructure and properties of B3 steel balls during the production process were studied,and the impact resistance test was carried out on the trial steel balls.The results show that at 980-1080 ℃ heating temperature,the quenched structure of the B3 steel is martensite+retained austenite,and when the heating temperature reaches 1080 ℃,the martensite structure size exceeds 20 μm,and the hardness and impact properties of the steel balls are reduced.Under the same heating conditions,as the quenching temperature increases,the content of retained austenite in the steel ball decreases,and the internal lamellar martensite of the steel ball gradually increases.For quenching temperature of 750-780 ℃,lamellar martensite + lath martensite mixture appears in the steel ball,and both the hardness and the impact properties are the best.After cooling and low-temperature tempering treatment,the microstructure of the steel ball is tempered martensite,with almost no hardness difference from the surface to the core,while the impact properties are substantially improved compared to that of the untempered.The most suitable heat treatment process for large diameter Φ125 mm rolled steel balls is:heating temperature of 980-1030 ℃,quenching temperature of 750-780 ℃,after the surface of the steel ball cooled to 50 ℃ then low temperature tempering treatment.The surface of the steel ball is still in good condition after a 9 m high,29 000 times ball drop test,which meets the requirements of large ball mills.

关 键 词：B3钢球 热处理 组织 性能 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]