γ射线源放射治疗机房辐射屏蔽规范认知与应用情况调查  

Survey on the awareness and application of radiation shielding specifications for γ-ray radiotherapy room

作　　者：贾陈志 胡传朋 程晓军 马永忠[2] 杜翔[3] 冯泽臣[2] 翟自坡 李炜[5] 张震 JIA Chenzhi;HU Chuanpeng;CHENG Xiaojun;MA Yongzhong;DU Xiang;FENG Zechen;ZHAI Zipo;LI Wei;ZHANG Zhen(The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province,Henan Key Laboratory of Medicine on Radiobiology and Epidemiology,Zhengzhou,Henan 450052,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]河南省第三人民医院,河南省辐射生物与流行病学医学重点实验室,河南郑州450052 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013 [3]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210009 [4]湖南省职业病防治院,湖南长沙410007 [5]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042 [6]国家卫生健康委职业安全卫生研究中心,北京102308

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2023年第1期94-98,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：2022年度中国疾控中心标准评估项目;北京市高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(学科带头人-01-20);河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(LHGJ20190815)。

摘　　要：目的了解GBZ/T 201.3—2014《放射治疗机房的辐射屏蔽规范第3部分:γ射线源放射治疗机房》(以下简称“GBZ/T 201.3—2014”)的实施情况。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,选择在19个省级行政区审管机构中从事放射诊疗建设项目审批和监督的人员,在放射卫生技术服务机构中从事γ射线源放射治疗机房放射防护检测与评价的人员,在其他机构(环境影响评估、教育与科学研究)中使用GBZ/T 201.3—2014的人员共129人为研究对象,对其进行标准认知与应用情况的问卷调查。结果研究对象对GBZ/T 201.3—2014的知晓率均≥63.6%,但培训率仅为9.1%~50.0%;对标准的各章节的熟悉率均>86.4%;42.6%的研究对象对标准的使用频次为≥1次/年。标准的实用性方面,所有研究对象均认为标准可以满足审批或监督、检测或评价的需要且适应放射治疗设备及技术的更新发展,94.6%的研究对象认为标准的使用可以提高防护设计和管理水平,92.2%的研究对象认为标准得到普及应用。标准的合理性方面,97.7%的研究对象认为标准对周围剂量当量率参考控制水平合理,34.1%的研究对象认为标准需要修订。结论研究对象对该标准合理性和满意度总体评价较高,对标准的知晓率较高,但对标准的屏蔽计算相关内容熟悉程度有待提高;标准的宣传贯彻、培训与实用性方面均需要加强。Objective To investigate the implementation of GBZ/T 201.3-2014 Radiation Shielding Specification for Radiotherapy Room--Part 3:Radiotherapy Room of γ-ray Sources(hereinafter referred to GBZ/T 201.3-2014).Methods A total of 129 personnels,who were involved in the approval and supervision of radiation diagnosis and treatment construction projects in 19 provincial administrative agencies,engaged in radiation protection testing and evaluation of γ-ray radiotherapy rooms in radiation health technology service institutions,and used GBZ/T 201.3-2014 in other institutions(environmental impact assessment,education and scientific research),were selected as the participants using a stratified random sampling method.A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess their awareness and application of the standard.Results The participants′awareness of GBZ/T 201.3-2014 was ≥63.6%,but the training rate was only 9.1% to 50.0%.The familiarity with the various chapters of the standard was over 86.4%.And 42.6% of the participants reported using the standard at least once a year.Regarding the applicability of the standard,all of the participants believed that the standard meets the needs of approval,supervision,testing,or evaluation,and adapts to the updated development of radiotherapy equipment and technology.And 94.6%of the participants believed that the use of the standard could improve the level of protection design and management,and 92.2%believed that the standard was widely applied.Regarding the adequacy of the standard,97.7% of the participants believed that the standard′s reference for ambient dose equivalent rate was reasonable,while 34.1% believed that the standard needs revision.Conclusion The participants are satisfied with the standard and believe its applicability.They have a good level of awareness of the standard,but there is a room for improvement in their familiarity with the shielding calculation related content of the standard.The promotion,training,and practicality of the standard need to be strengthened.

关 键 词：Γ射线 放射治疗 辐射 屏蔽 标准评估 知晓 培训 实用性 合理性 

分 类 号：R141[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]