The power of“controllers”:Transposon-mediated duplicated genes evolve towards neofunctionalization  

作　　者：Huijing Ma Mengxia Wang Yong E.Zhang Shengjun Tan 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution&State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan 650223,China [4]Chinese Institute for Brain Research,Beijing 102206,China

出　　处：《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》2023年第7期462-472,共11页遗传学报（英文版）

基　　金：the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China,the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0802600);the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LY-SM005,XDPB17);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970565).

摘　　要：Since the discovery of the first transposon by Dr.Barbara McClintock,the prevalence and diversity of transposable elements(TEs)have been gradually recognized.As fundamental genetic components,TEs drive organismal evolution not only by contributing functional sequences(e.g.,regulatory elements or“controllers”as phrased by Dr.McClintock)but also by shuffling genomic sequences.In the latter respect,TE-mediated gene duplications have contributed to the origination of new genes and attracted extensive interest.In response to the development of this field,we herein attempt to provide an overview of TEmediated duplication by focusing on common rules emerging across duplications generated by different TE types.Specifically,despite the huge divergence of transposition machinery across TEs,we identify three common features of various TE-mediated duplication mechanisms,including end bypass,template switching,and recurrent transposition.These three features lead to one common functional outcome,namely,TE-mediated duplicates tend to be subjected to exon shuffling and neofunctionalization.Therefore,the intrinsic properties of the mutational mechanism constrain the evolutionary trajectories of these duplicates.We finally discuss the future of this field including an in-depth characterization of both the duplication mechanisms and functions of TE-mediated duplicates.

关 键 词：Transposable elements Gene duplication New gene origination End bypass Template switching Exon shuffling NEOFUNCTIONALIZATION Mutational constraint 

分 类 号：Q75[生物学—分子生物学]