广西喀斯特三主要林区大型真菌区系组成及其特点  

Funga composition and characteristics in three karst forests of Guangxi,Southern China

作　　者：牟光福 图力古尔[1] MOU Guangfu;BAU Tolgor(Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学食药用菌教育部工程研究中心,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《菌物学报》2023年第7期1461-1484,共24页Mycosystema

基　　金：教育部“长江学者和创新团队发展计划”(IRT1134,IRT-15R25)。

摘　　要：坐落于广西喀斯特林区内的国家级自然保护区是我国生物多样性保护先导区,然而该区域内的大型真菌区系尚不清楚,相关研究滞后。本研究选择弄岗国家级自然保护区、木论国家级自然保护区和雅长兰科植物国家级自然保护区作为广西喀斯特林区代表性区域进行调查和研究,弄清大型真菌区系组成及其特点。研究发现大型真菌777种,隶属于2门6纲21目97科318属。优势科为蘑菇科Agaricaceae、牛肝菌科Boletaceae、锈革菌科Hymenochaetaceae、层腹菌科Hymenogastraceae、炭团菌科Hypoxylaceae、小皮伞科Marasmiaceae、小菇科Mycenaceae、类脐菇科Omphalotaceae、膨瑚菌科Physalacriaceae、多孔菌科Polyporaceae和小脆柄菇科Psathyrellaceae,占总科数的11.34%,科内种数占总种数的42.21%;优势属为毛杯菌属Cookeina、炭团菌属Hypoxylon、线虫草属Ophiocordyceps、歪盘菌属Phillipsia、肉杯菌属Sarcoscypha、炭角菌属Xylaria、蘑菇属Agaricus、鹅膏属Amanita、木耳属Auricularia和小皮伞属Marasmius等,占总属数的13.52%、总种数的43.76%。表征科为小皮伞科、小菇科、鬼笔科Phallaceae、柄杯菌科Podoscyphaceae、肉杯菌科Sarcoscyphaceae、银耳科Tremellaceae、炭角菌科Xylariaceae、拟层孔菌科Fomitopsidaceae、钉菇科Gomphaceae、齿菌科Hydnaceae和离褶伞科Lyophyllaceae;表征属为毛杯菌属、歪盘菌属、肉杯菌属、炭角菌属、毛筐菌属Chaetocalathus、青褶伞属Chlorophyllum、鳞盖伞属Cyptotrama、棘刚毛菌属Echinochaete、胶孔菌属Favolaschia、棱孔菌属Favolus、灵芝属Ganoderma、老伞属Gerronema、蜂窝孔菌属Hexagonia、锈革菌属Hymenochaete、丝盖伞属Inocybe、乳菇属Lactarius、多汁乳菇属Lactifluus、香菇属Lentinus、白鬼伞属Leucocoprinus、小皮伞属、小蘑菇属Micropsalliota、新大孔菌属Neofavolus、小奥德蘑属Oudermansiella、柄杯菌属Podoscypha、须瑚菌属Pterula、黏柄小菇属Roridomyces、辛格杯伞�The national nature reserves in karst forests of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region are the priority areas for biodiversity conservation of China.However,the funga in karst forests of Guangxi was still unclear and lack of related studies.In this study,Nonggang National Nature Reserve,Mulun National Nature Reserve and the Yachang Orchid National Nature Reserve were chosen as the representative areas to survey the funga in karst forests of Guangxi.In total,777 species were found,belonging to 2 phyla,6 classes,21 orders,97 families and 318 genera.The dominant families are Agaricaceae,Boletaceae,Hymenochaetaceae,Hymenogastraceae,Hypoxylaceae,Marasmiaceae,Mycenaceae,Omphalotaceae,Physalacriaceae,Polyporaceae and Psathyrellaceae,accounting for 11.34%of the total families and 42.21%of the total species.The dominant genera are Cookeina,Hypoxylon,Ophiocordyceps,Phillipsia,Sarcoscypha,Xylaria,Agaricus,Amanita,Auricularia,Marasmius,etc.,accounting for 13.52%of the total genera and 43.76%of the total species.The representative families are Marasmiaceae,Mycenaceae,Phallaceae,Podoscyphaceae,Sarcoscyphaceae,Tremellaceae,Xylariaceae,Fomitopsidaceae,Gomphaceae,Hydnaceae and Lyophyllaceae.The representative genera are Cookeina,Phillipsia,Sarcoscypha,Xylaria,Chaetocalathus,Chlorophyllum,Cyptotrama,Echinochaete,Favolaschia,Favolus,Ganoderma,Gerronema,Hexagonia,Hymenochaete,Inocybe,Lactarius,Lactifluus,Lentinus,Leucocoprinus,Marasmius,Micropsalliota,Neofavolus,Oudermansiella,Podoscypha,Pterula,Roridomyces,Singerocybe,Termitomyces,Tetrapyrgos and Tropicoporus.This study is preliminary,providing a reference for the future further study of fungal diversity and fungal-plant interactions in karst forests of Guangxi.

关 键 词：喀斯特林区 大型真菌 区系组成 优势科属 表征科属 

分 类 号：Q949.32[生物学—植物学]