低温冷害胁迫下的多熟水稻产量遥感监测  

Remote Sensing Monitoring of Yield Loss of Multiple Cropping Paddy Caused by Low Temperature

作　　者：齐文栋 何黎明 王安鹏 顾晓鹤[4] 周艳兵 QI Wendong;HE Liming;WANG Anpeng;GU Xiaohe;ZHOU Yanbing(Beijing Sun-Golden Technology Company Limited.Beijing 100088,China;China Agricultural Reinsurance Company Limited,Beijing 100073,China;China Taiping Insurance Group Company Limited,Shenzhen 518046,China;Information Technology Research Center of Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京尚德智汇科技有限公司,北京100088 [2]中国农业再保险股份有限公司,北京100073 [3]中国太平保险集团有限责任公司,广东深圳518046 [4]北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心,北京100097

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2023年第3期558-565,共8页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42271319)。

摘　　要：低温冷害是影响水稻产量主要气象灾害之一。开展低温冷害胁迫下的水稻产量遥感监测对于水稻优良品种推广、农艺救灾防灾以及农业保险精准理赔具有重要意义。以南方多熟水稻低温冷害为研究对象,在多时相遥感影像的支持下,结合地面实测水稻单产样本数据,构建多时相协同的多熟水稻产量监测模型,实现地块尺度的低温冷害影响下水稻产量遥感监测与空间制图。研究结果表明:低温冷害发生时所处水稻的生育期不同,对产量影响程度具有较大差异。中稻在灌浆中期遭遇低温冷害后的影响相对较小,平均产量约6637 kg/hm^(2),减产幅度近20%;早熟晚稻在抽穗期遭受低温冷害后产量明显低于中稻,平均产量4143 kg/hm^(2),减产幅度近45%;晚熟晚稻在拔节期遭受持续低温冷害后产量影响最大,平均产量仅1541 kg/hm^(2),远低于往年产量水平,减产幅度近80%。利用实割实测样本单产数据与哨兵数据多个关键物候期NDVI构建回归模型,R2均大于0.75,并利用实测样本单产数据进行精度交叉验证,MAPE均小于10%。该方法借助少量地面资料,可以较高精度地测算多熟水稻在遭受低温冷害的情况下的单产信息,为复杂条件下水稻低温冷害灾情评估提供了新的思路。The low temperature during the growth period of paddy will greatly reduce the grain yield.Remote sensing monitoring of yield loss under low temperature stress is of great significance for variety improvement,field management and agricultural insurance claims.The study aimed to monitor yield loss of multiple cropping paddy using multi-temporal remote sensing images.with the support of the field samples,the model of monitor⁃ing yield loss of multi-cropping paddy was developed.The results showed that the growth period of paddy in which low temperature injury occurred was different,and the effect on rice yield was quite different.The effect of cold injury on middle rice in the middle filling stage is relatively small,with an average yield of about 6637 kg/ha,with a yield reduction of nearly 20%.The yield of early late rice is significantly lower than that of middle rice af⁃ter suffering from low temperature and cold injury at heading stage,with an average yield of 4143 kg/ha and a yield reduction of about 45%.The yield of late-maturing late rice was most affected by continuous low tempera⁃ture at jointing stage,with an average yield of only 1541 kg/ha,which was much lower than that of previous years.The regression model was constructed by using the actual cut sample yield data and Sentinel data in sever⁃al key phenological periods(NDVI).The R2 was more than 0.75.the precision was cross-verified by the mea⁃sured sample yield data,and the MAPE was less than 10%.With the help of a small amount of ground data,this method can accurately calculate the yield of multi-cropping rice under the condition of low temperature and cold injury,which provides a new idea for the calculation of rice yield under complex conditions.

关 键 词：低温冷害 多熟水稻 遥感 产量 

分 类 号：S127[农业科学—农业基础科学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]