高温胁迫对植物光合作用的影响研究进展  

Research Advances on the Effect of High Temperature Stress on Plant Photosynthesis

作　　者：孙永江 王琪[1] 邵琪雯 辛智鸣[2] 肖辉杰[1] 程瑾[1] Yongjiang Sun;Qi Wang;Qiwen Shao;Zhiming Xin;Huijie Xiao;Jin Cheng(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Experimental Center of Desert Forestry,Chinese Academy Forestry,Dengkou 015200,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]中国林业科学研究院,沙漠林业实验中心,磴口015200

出　　处：《植物学报》2023年第3期486-498,共13页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作专项(No.2019YFE0116500)。

摘　　要：随着人为活动产生的大气CO_(2)浓度的增加,全球气候持续变暖。过去5年是自有温度记录以来最热的5年。高温胁迫已经成为影响植物生长发育的主要逆境因子之一。光合作用是地球生命活动的基础,对环境波动高度敏感。解析植物在高温环境下光合作用的响应特性,可为探索植物抵御高温的生理生态机制、培育抗高温新品种以及采取合理措施适应未来极端气候提供科学依据。该文论述了高温胁迫对植物光合电子传递及碳固定过程的影响,从光质和光强角度综合分析了光照对高温胁迫下光合作用的影响;从植物自身及外源缓解物质等方面阐述了植物增强抗高温胁迫的途径和机制。同时,对植物光合作用响应高温胁迫的研究方向及多组学联合分析在揭示植物抵御高温胁迫机制中的应用进行了展望。With the increase in atmospheric CO_(2) concentration caused by human activities,the global climate continues to warm.The past five years have been the hottest since the record of temperature.High temperature stress has become one of the main adverse factors affecting plant growth and development.Photosynthesis is the basis of life activities on earth,and it is highly sensitive to fluctuation in environmental factors.Understanding the response of plant photosynthesis under high temperature stress can provide a scientific basis for exploring the physiological and ecological mechanisms of plant tolerance to high temperature stress,cultivating new heat-tolerant varieties and taking reasonable measures to adapt to extreme climate in the future.In this paper,the effects of high temperature stress on the process of photosynthetic electron transfer and carbon fixation in plants were reviewed,and the effects of light on photosynthesis under high temperature stress were comprehensively analyzed from the perspective of light quality and light intensity.This paper also expounded the ways and mechanisms to improve the tolerance of plants to high temperature stress from the aspects of plants themselves and exogenous mitigating substances.Meanwhile,the research direction of plant photosynthesis response to high temperature stress and the application of multi-histology combined analysis in the comprehensive study of the mechanism of plant tolerance to high temperature stress were prospected.

关 键 词：高温胁迫 植物光合作用 响应机制 防御机制 

分 类 号：Q945.11[生物学—植物学]