危险作业罪的法教义学分析  

Legal Doctrinal Analysis of the Crime of Dangerous Operation

作　　者：何萍[1] 金鑫[1] He Ping;Jin Xin

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学

出　　处：《青少年犯罪问题》2023年第3期58-70,共13页Issues on Juvenile Crimes and Delinquency

摘　　要：《刑法》第134条之一“危险作业罪”是《刑法修正案(十一)》的新设罪名,该罪的设立是在风险社会到来之际提倡发挥刑法预防功能的具体体现。在具体适用时应准确把握危险作业罪的争议点,借助法教义学对本罪的客观构成要件及主观罪过形式进行规范解读。如对“安全管理规定”的法律来源作扩大解释;在理解“危险物品”的概念时应参照刑法条文进行限缩解释;建议本罪第3项将“运输环节”纳入规制范围内并肯定其与危险驾驶罪第4项存在法条竞合关系;从危险的重大性、紧迫性、结果指向性三个方面对“现实危险”进行认定;引入过失危险犯概念为深入明晰本罪的主观罪过为过失提供理论支撑等,同时从刑法体系性解释角度出发,厘清涵盖在《刑法》第134条下三个罪名间的关系,避免该罪在司法适用中出现规范界限与处罚条件含混不清的情形。One of the 134 criminal law"dangerous operation crime"is"Criminal Law amendment(11)"a new charge,the establishment of the crime is in the arrival of the risk society to advocate the play of criminal law prevention function concrete performance.In the specific application,we should accurately grasp the controversial points of the crime of dangerous operation,and interpret the objective constituent elements of this crime and the subjective form of culpability in criminal law with the help of legal doctrine.For example,expand the interpretation of the legal source of"safety management regulations";When the concept of"dangerous goods"is understood,it should be interpreted with reference to the provisions of criminal law;It is suggested that the third item of this crime should bring"transportation link"into the scope of regulation and affirm that it has a concurrent relationship with the fourth item of the crime of dangerous driving;Identify the"real danger"from three aspects:the significance,urgency and directivity of the danger;The concept of negligent dangerous crime is introduced to clarify the subjective crime of this crime and provide theoretical support for negligence.At the same time,from the perspective of the systematic interpretation of criminal law,it clarifies the relationship between the three crimes covered under Article 134 of criminal law,so as to avoid the ambiguous situation of the standard boundary and penalty conditions in the judicial application of the crime.

关 键 词：危险作业罪 现实危险 过失危险犯 具体危险犯 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]