α7烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体在单核/巨噬细胞介导的炎症反应与极化调控中的作用  

Role of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in monocytes/macrophagesmediated inflammation responses and polarization regulation

作　　者：陈玲 张虹 郑长伟 谢凤杰[1] CHEN Ling;ZHANG Hong;ZHENG Changwei;XIE Fengjie(Mudanjiang Medical College,Mudanjiang 157011,China)

机构地区：[1]牡丹江医学院,牡丹江157011 [2]牡丹江医学院附属红旗医院重症医学科,牡丹江157011

出　　处：《中国免疫学杂志》2023年第7期1561-1565,共5页Chinese Journal of Immunology

摘　　要：单核细胞和巨噬细胞在健康和疾病中均发挥重要作用,是固有免疫的重要组成,在其介导的炎症反应中保护宿主、清除病原体和调节免疫平衡,可通过清除细胞碎片、异物及调节炎症和愈合过程等维持内环境稳定。根据微环境和细胞激活状态,巨噬细胞可通过改变不同表型影响疾病转归。近二十年人们对胆碱能抗炎通路(CAP)在炎症反应中的作用及机制研究越来越深入,尤其是该通路中的重要结构——α7烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(α7nAChR),其本质为神经免疫系统的配体门控离子通道,且在调控单核/巨噬细胞吞噬、趋化因子和细胞因子产生、细胞存活和极化等方面发挥重要作用,相关机制涉及NLRP3炎症小体,可作为多种炎症性疾病的潜在治疗靶点。本文综述α7nAChR在炎症和免疫介导的疾病中对单核/巨噬细胞功能调控和极化的作用。Monocytes and macrophages play important roles in health and disease,which are major components of innate im-munity,protecting host,clearing pathogens and modulating immune balance in their mediated inflammatory responses,and can main-tain homeostasis by clearing cell debris,foreign materials and regulating inflammatory and healing processes.Depending on microenvi-ronment and state of cell activation,macrophages can affect outcome of diseases by changing different phenotypes.In past two decades,anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway(CAP)in inflammation have been studied more deeply,especially crucial structure of this pathway-alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7nAChR),whose essence is ligand-gated ion channel of neuroimmune system,and plays a vital part in regulating monocytes/macrophages phagocytosis,chemokine and cyto-kine production,cell survival and polarization,whose mechanism is related to NLRP3 inflammasome,and can be used as a potential therapeutic target for a variety of inflammatory diseases.This receptor is described as a potential therapeutic target for a variety of inflammatory diseases.This paper reviews role ofα7nAChR in regulation and polarization of monocytes/macrophages functions in inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases.

关 键 词：胆碱能抗炎通路 Α7烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体 巨噬细胞 极化 NLRP3炎症小体 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]