种植方式对当归田土壤酶活性时空分布的影响  

Effects of planting modes on temporal and spatial distribution of soil enzyme activities in Angelica sinensis

作　　者：米永伟[1,2] 龚成文 邵武平[1,2] 柳利龙 杨晓波[4] MI Yongwei;GONG Chengwen;SHAO Wuping;LIU Lilong;YANG Xiaobo(Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Chinese Herbal Medicine,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Longxi Lizhu Ginseng Source Medicine Co.,Ltd.,Longxi Gansu 748100,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院中药材研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省中药材种质改良与质量控制工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [4]陇西丽珠参源药材有限公司,甘肃陇西748100

出　　处：《中兽医医药杂志》2023年第4期25-30,共6页Journal of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金(22JR5RA762);甘肃省重点研发计划(21YF5NA147);甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2022GAAS22);甘肃省农业科学院青年基金(2019GAAS42)。

摘　　要：在当归道地产区设置起垄覆膜穴栽(LS)、膜侧开沟斜栽(MC)和露地开沟斜栽(LD)3种种植方式,分析比较不同种植方式生育期内0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm耕层土壤酶活性的时空变化特性,以期探明种植方式对土壤酶活性的影响,为全面评估当归覆膜技术体系提供理论依据。结果表明,生育期内脲酶活性呈先上升后下降的趋势,移栽后120 d达到峰值,LS和MC方式较LD方式分别提高了41.00%和36.69%,其活性随土层加深逐渐降低;蔗糖酶活性呈先上升后下降的趋势,移栽后120 d达到峰值,LS和MC方式较LD方式分别提高了46.40%和45.90%,其活性随土层加深逐渐降低;过氧化氢酶活性呈先上升后下降的趋势,移栽后90 d达到峰值,LS和MC方式较LD方式分别降低了8.46%和7.70%,其活性基本随土层加深逐渐增加;磷酸酶活性呈先上升后下降的趋势,移栽后150 d达到峰值,LS和MC方式较LD方式分别提高了48.56%和40.37%,其活性随土层加深逐渐降低。除过氧化氢酶外,覆膜方式同一生育期不同耕层土壤酶活性均高于露地方式,但覆膜方式间差异不显著。因此,覆膜种植可显著提高当归根系层水解酶活性,但对氧化还原酶具有显著抑制作用,酶活性分布具有明显的垂直分层现象。The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of soil enzyme activities in surface layer of 0-10 cm,10-20 cm and 20-30 cm during the growth period of different planting methods were analyzed and compared under different planting patterns in order to explore the effects of planting methods on soil enzyme activities and provide a theoretical basis for application of plastic film in genuine producing area of Angelica sinensis.The planting patterns were conducted as hole seeding under ridging with plastic-film mulching(LS),trenching and slant planting under film-side cultivation(MC)and trenching and slant planting in open field(LD).The results showed that urease increased at first and then decreased during the growth period,and reached the peak at 120 days after transplanting.Compared with LD,urease activity in LS and MC was significantly increased by 41.00%and 36.69%.Sucrase showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and reached the peak value at 120 d after transplanting.The activity of LS and MC was significantly increased by 46.40%and 45.90%compared with LD,respectively,and gradually decreased with the deepening of soil layer.Catalase showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and reached the peak 90 days after transplanting.Compared with LD,catalase activity in LS and MC was significantly decreased by 8.46%and 7.70%.Phosphatase showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and reached the peak at 150 days after transplanting.Compared with LD,the phosphatase activity in LS and MC was significantly increased by 48.56%and 40.37%,and gradually decreased with the deepening of soil layer.Except for catalase,the soil enzyme activities of different plough layers in the same growth period were higher in film mulching method than in open field,but there was no significant difference between film mulching methods.Therefore,plastic film mulching can significantly increase the activity of hydrolase in the root layer of Angelica sinensis,but significantly inhibit oxygen reductase,and the

关 键 词：当归 土壤酶活性 时空变化 种植方式 

分 类 号：S853.7[农业科学—临床兽医学]