基于咔唑类给体分子的给-受体型热活化延迟荧光材料研究进展  

Research Progress of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials Based on Donor⁃Acceptor Structures Containing Carbazole Donor Molecules

作　　者：张婷婷 高慧 杨溢青 洪兴枝 任颖 武海顺[1] ZHANG Tingting;GAO Hui;YANG Yiqing;HONG Xingzhi;REN Ying;WU Haishun(Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education,School of Chemistry and Materials Science,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen 041004,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学化学与材料科学学院,磁性分子与磁信息材料教育部重点实验室,山西临汾041004

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第16期219-230,共12页Materials Reports

基　　金：山西省研究生教育改革课题(2019JG126);山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目(J2020122)。

摘　　要：热活化延迟荧光(Thermally activated delayed fluorescence,TADF)材料是新一代发光材料,可以通过吸收环境中的热量使分子的三重态转换为单重态,理论上激子利用率达到100%,量子效率大大提高,在有机发光二极管(Organic light-emitting diode,OLED)中有广阔的应用前景。给-受体(Donor-acceptor,D-A)型的纯有机分子是关注度较高的一类TADF分子。其中咔唑作为一种给体单元,易经其他取代基修饰形成新给体,使D-A分子具有较小的最低三重态和单重态的能级差ΔEST,是经常选用的给体基团。另外,理论计算在研究咔唑衍生物分子的TADF性质,预测其在OLED中的性能方面发挥了重要作用。本文综述了基于不同咔唑类给体构筑的D-A结构的TADF分子,依据咔唑分子上取代基的不同,具体介绍了近五年各类TADF分子的结构特点和发光效率,重点讨论了这些分子在器件应用方面的性能,并且结合理论计算分析的结果总结了可能改变D-A型TADF性质的因素,期望能够为未来设计和合成性能更加优异的含咔唑给体的D-A型TADF分子提供有价值的研究思路。The emitting materials with thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)characteristics is a new generation of light⁃emitting materials with high quantum yield,which can convert the triplet state of molecules into the singlet state by absorbing heat in the environment.They have a wide application prospect in organic light⁃emitting diode(OLED).Donor⁃acceptor(D⁃A)type pure organic molecules as a kind of TADF molecules have drawn significant attention.Carbazole as an excellent donor unit is often be selected to form D⁃A type TADF molecules.Because it is easy to be modifed by different substituent groups,and is also easy to combine with different electron acceptor units.The complexes containing carbazole derivative have a small energy level difference between the lowest triplet and singlet(ΔEST).In addition,theoretical calculation plays an important role in studying TADF properties of carbazole derivatives and predicting their performance in OLED.In this paper,D⁃A type TADF molecules based on different carbazole donors are reviewed.According to the different substituents on carbazole molecules,the structural characteristics and luminescence efficiency of various TADF molecules in recent five years are summarized,as well as their performance in device application.The factors that may change the properties of D⁃A type TADF are also discussed combined with the results of theoretical calculation.It provides valuable reference for researchers to design and synthesize new TADF molecules with better performance in the future.

关 键 词：热活化延迟荧光 给-受体分子 咔唑衍生物 发光性能 有机发光二极管 

分 类 号：O625[理学—有机化学]