静电纺丝法制备定向导液复合纤维材料的研究进展  

Research Progress on Directional Moisture Penetration Composites Prepared via Electrospinning

作　　者：周鉴澄 林骏 赵小敏 陈丹青[2] 陈国华[2] ZHOU Jiancheng;LIN Jun;ZHAO Xiaomin;CHEN Danqing;CHEN Guohua(College of Chemical Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学化工学院,福建厦门361021 [2]华侨大学材料科学与工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第16期272-278,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目(2023H0010)。

摘　　要：如何实现液体的定向传导和快速蒸发在功能性非织造材料领域颇具研究价值。人们对智能水分管理不断增长的需求促使相关学者探索如何实现液体的定向移动,进而实现对人体微气候的智能调节以保证使用者的舒适性。研究人员过去通常采用后整理的方法对材料进行亲水或疏水化改性,使材料获得一侧亲水而另一侧疏水的双侧结构来实现定向导液功能,但这类方法存在工艺流程复杂、对环境不友好和产品性能不稳定等问题。静电纺丝技术是制备连续纳米纤维的有效方法,其产品具有质轻、形貌均一、比表面积大且孔隙率高等优点。该技术可以有效利用疏水性和亲水性材料之间的湿润性差异来构建复合材料的湿润性梯度,使液体可以从疏水侧渗透但在亲水侧受阻。因此使用静电纺丝法制备定向导液复合纤维材料成为颇具价值的研究方向。基于此,本文分析了定向导液的作用机理,概括了定向导液复合纤维材料的制备方法,总结了定向导液复合纤维材料的应用领域并对其前景做出展望。How to accomplish directional transportation and rapid evaporation of moisture has great research value in the fields of functional nonwoven materials.The growing demand for intelligent moisture management has motivated researchers to investigate how to achieve directional moisture transport,thereby realizing intelligent adjustment of the human body􀆳s microclimate to ensure user comfort.In the past,finishing method was taken to change hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties of the materials,so that the materials would get a bilateral structure which one side would be hydrophilic and the other side would be hydrophobic,however,this type of method has problems of complex process,unfriendly to the environment and unstable performance.The nanofiber materials prepared by electrospinning have the advantages of light weight,uniform morphology,large specific surface area and high porosity.The unique feature of this method is that the difference in wettability between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials can be used to construct the wettability gradient so that the moisture can penetrate from the hydrophobic side but is blocked on the hydrophilic side.Therefore,using electrospinning to prepare directional moisture penetration composites has become a valuable research field.In this review,the mechanism of realizing the function of directional moisture transport is analyzed,the preparation methods and the application fields of directional moisture penetration composites are summarized.Furthermore,prospects for potential applications of directional moisture transport composites are presented.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 定向导液 湿润性梯度 多层结构 

分 类 号：TQ340.64[化学工程—化纤工业]