黑石岛附近海域地形地貌及表层沉积物分布特征分析  

The characteristics of topography and surface sediment distribution near Heishi Island,Shandong Peninsula

作　　者：刘玉斌 宋永东 张建兴[1,2] 庄丽华 栾振东[1,2,3] 阎军[1,2] LIU Yubin;SONG Yongdong;ZHANG Jianxing;ZHUANG Lihua;LUAN Zhendong;YAN Jun(Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Ocean Research Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋地质与环境重点实验室,青岛266071 [2]中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心,青岛266071 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《海洋地质前沿》2023年第8期60-69,共10页Marine Geology Frontiers

基　　金：中国科学院关键技术人才项目(2018);中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS)区域重点项目(KFJ-STS-QYZD-189)。

摘　　要：黑石岛附近海域位于山东威海黑泥湾东部,沉积环境复杂多变,多种因素控制表层沉积物分布,形成多种发育演化模式。利用单波束测深系统、浅地层剖面系统、表层沉积物取样、海流观测和实验室沉积物粒度测试、资料综合解释等方法,于2021年9-11月对研究海域开展综合地质环境调查。通过调查数据分析研究区水深地形特征、浅地层结构特征以及表层沉积物分布特征,并从多个角度揭示该海域沉积物分布特征的控制因素和成因。研究发现:目标海域水深介于3~24 m,平均水深约14 m,西部浅、东部深,存在陡坡,随着水深的增加坡度逐渐变缓,地貌类型主要以水下侵蚀岸坡为主;海底浅地层声学反射界面清晰,可全局跟踪,淤积厚度为0.5~2 m,沉积层厚度东西存在差异但相对稳定;表层沉积物类型多样,大致围绕黑石岛呈环带状分布,离岛方向上依次为粉砂、砾石、泥质砾;自西向东表层沉积物粒度逐渐减小,分选性变好。研究区表层沉积物分布受区域地形地貌和水动力条件的共同影响。The sea areas near Heishi Island are located in the east of Heini Bay,Weihai,Shandong Peninsular,East China.The sedimentary environment is complex and variable,and many factors control the distribution of surface sediments,forming a variety of developmental and evolutionary patterns.A comprehensive geological en-vironment survey of the study area was carried out in Sep.–Nov.,2021 by using acoustic detection,surface sedi-ment sampling,ocean current observation,laboratory sediment grain size testing,and comprehensive interpreta-tion of data,based on which the characteristics of water depth topography,sub-bottom profile structure,and sur-face sediment distribution in the study area were analyzed and the controlling factors and causes of sediment dis-tribution in the area were revealed from multiple perspectives.Results show that the water depth of the target area was between 3 m and 24 m,on average of about 14 m,shallower in the west and deeper in the east in a steep slope.With the increase of water depth,the slope gradually decreased,and the main landform type was underwa-ter erosion bank slope.The acoustic reflection interface of seabed sub-bottom profile was clear and co be tracked globally.The siltation thickness was 0.5–2 m,and the thickness of sediment layer varied from east to west but rel-atively stable.The types of surface sediments varied,forming zones around the island,including silty sand,gravel,and muddy gravel away from the island.From west to east,the grain size of surface sediments decreased gradu-ally and the sorting became better.It is concluded that the distribution of surface sediments in the study area is af-fected by regional topography and hydrodynamic conditions.

关 键 词：黑石岛 海底地形地貌 表层沉积物 分布特征 影响因素 

分 类 号：P736[天文地球—海洋地质]