籽用西葫芦和打瓜皮瓤与小麦秸秆混合微贮对其发酵品质、营养成分及瘤胃降解率的影响  

Effects of Mixed Silage of Deseeded Parts of Zucchini and Seeding-Watermelon with Wheat Straw on Fermentation Quality,Nutritional Composition,and Rumen Degradation Rate

作　　者：刘建成 王珊珊 孙文杰 臧长江 杨开伦 陈勇 李凤鸣 LIU Jian-cheng;WANG Shan-shan;SUN Wen-jie;ZANG Chang-jiang;YANG Kai-lun;CHEN Yong;LI Feng-ming(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Herbivore’s Nutrition for Meat and Milk Production/College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院/新疆肉乳用草食动物营养实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2023年第2期87-93,共7页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(ZZYD2023B09);新疆农业大学大学生创新项目(dxscx2022176)。

摘　　要：为了开发利用籽用西葫芦和打瓜皮瓤作为新型饲料资源,评价了其与小麦秸秆混合微贮的发酵品质、营养成分及瘤胃降解率。试验以小麦秸秆作为对照(小麦秸秆组),将成熟去籽后的籽用西葫芦和打瓜皮瓤粉碎,按籽用西葫芦皮瓤∶小麦秸秆=2∶1(籽用西葫芦组)、打瓜皮瓤∶小麦秸秆=2∶1(打瓜组)、籽用西葫芦皮瓤∶打瓜皮瓤∶小麦秸秆=1∶1∶1(葫芦+打瓜组)的比例混合,分别添加1%的植物乳杆菌和0.5%的纤维素酶混合微贮45 d,进行发酵品质、营养成分及瘤胃降解率的评定。结果表明,与对照组相比,籽用西葫芦组可显著提高微贮粗蛋白含量(P<0.01)及干物质(P<0.05)和粗蛋白的瘤胃降解率(P<0.01),打瓜组可极显著降低微贮pH值(P<0.01),并极显著提高粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解率(P<0.01)。各试验组均可极显著提高微贮乳酸含量,降低pH值、丙酸和丁酸含量以及氨态氮/总氮比值(P<0.01)。葫芦+打瓜组可显著提高微贮粗蛋白(P<0.05)和益生菌(P<0.01)含量,极显著降低粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量(P<0.01),并极显著提高粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解率(P<0.01)。籽用西葫芦皮瓤、打瓜皮瓤和小麦秸秆等比例混合微贮可以充分利用原料间的组合效应改善混合物料的营养平衡和发酵品质,提高营养价值和瘤胃降解率。In order to develop and utilize deseeded parts of zucchini and seeding-watermelon as new feed resources,the fermentation quality,nutritional composition and rumen degradation rate of silage mixing deseeded parts of zucchini and seeding-watermelon with wheat straw was explored.With wheat straw as the control group(wheat straw group),the text group according to the ratio of zucchini rind∶wheat straw=2∶1(zucchini group),seeding-watermelon rind∶wheat straw=2∶1(seeding-watermelon group),zucchini rind:seeding-watermelon rind∶wheat straw=1∶1∶1(zucchini&seeding-watermelon group),adding 1%Lactobacillus plantarum and 0.5%cellulase for silage of 45 days,respectively,their fermentation quality,nutritional composition and rumen degradation rate were evaluated.The results showed that the zucchini group significantly increased the crude protein content and the rumen degradation rate of crude protein(P<0.01)and dry matter(P<0.05)of mixed silage compared with control group.The seeding-watermelon group significantly decreased the pH,however,increased significantly the rumen degradation rate of crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acidic detergent fiber of mixed silage(P<0.01).The lactic acid content of mixed silage in experimental groups was significantly increased,while the pH,propionic,butyric and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen contents were decreased(P<0.01).The contents of crude protein(P<0.05)and probiotics(P<0.01)were significantly increased,however,the crude fat,crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were significantly decreased(P<0.01),meanwhile,increased significantly the rumen degradation rate of crude protein,medium detergent fiber,and acidic detergent fiber in zucchini&seeding-watermelon group of silage(P<0.01).In conclusion,the nutritional balance,fermentation quality,feeding value and rumen degradation rate could be improved in mixed silage of deseeded parts of zucchini and seeding-watermelon with wheat straw.

关 键 词：籽用西葫芦 打瓜 皮瓤 小麦秸秆 混合微贮 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]