禁牧对退化山地草甸植物多样性及土壤有机碳储量的影响  

Effects of Grazing Exclusion on Plant Diersity and Soil Organic Carbon in Degraded Mountain Meadow Grassland

作　　者：王瑞[1] 田琳涵 董乙强 姜安静 阿斯太肯·居力海提 聂婷婷 周时杰 汪洋[1,2,3] WANG Rui;TIAN Lin-han;DONG Yi-qiang;JIANG An-jing;Asitaiken Julihaiti;NIE Ting-ting;ZHOU Shi-jie;WANG Yang(College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology,Urumqi 830052,China;Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Region,Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2023年第2期117-124,共8页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区天山青年计划项目(2020Q077);新疆维吾尔自治区大学生创新训练计划项目(S202210758040)。

摘　　要：为明确轻度退化山地草甸植物群落特征和土壤养分对禁牧的响应规律,采用野外实地调查取样与室内分析相结合的方法,对禁牧区10年和自由放牧区(载畜量1.5~2.0羊单位/hm^(2))赛里木湖山地草甸植物数量特征、植物多样性和土壤有机碳碳储量等进行测定分析。结果表明,禁牧后退化山地草甸植物平均高度显著增加41.36%(P<0.05),而植物群落盖度、密度、地上生物量及植物多样性增降不显著(P>0.05);禁牧后土壤有机碳在土层0~30 cm显著降低70.03%~76.05%(P<0.05),且有机碳储量在30~50 cm土层显著降低59.75%(P<0.05)。禁牧对退化山地草甸植物群落特征和土壤物理性质的效果不明显,10年的禁牧年限对土壤有机碳固持效果不明显,仍需更长的禁牧年限来观测土壤有机碳储量的变化。In order to clarify the characteristics of plant communities and soil nutrients in lightly degraded mountain meadows in response to the grazing ban,we used a combination of field survey and indoor analysis to characterize the plant population,plant diversity and soil nutrients in mountain meadows in the 10-year grazing ban and free-grazing areas(1.5-2.0 sheep/hm^(2)).The results showed that the average height of degraded mountain meadow vegetation increased significantly by 41.36%(P<0.05)after grazing exclusion,but the total coverage,density,aboveground biomass and plant diversity of plant communities had a certain trend of increase and decrease after grazing exclusion,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05);After grazing exclusion,soil organic carbon decreased significantly by 70.03%-76.05%(P<0.05)in soil layer 0-30 cm(P<0.05),and soil organic carbon storage decreased significantly by 59.75%in soil layer 30-50 cm(P<0.05).To sum up,the effect of grazing exclusion on plant community characteristics and soil physical properties of degraded mountain meadow grassland is not very obvious,and soil restoration has a certain lag,so fertilization and other measures should be added to accelerate the process of grassland restoration.

关 键 词：禁牧 植物数量特征 植物多样性 土壤有机碳 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]