千里香杜鹃提取物对赤拟谷盗、烟草甲和马铃薯茎线虫的防治作用  

Control Effect of Rhododendron thymifolium Extracts Against Tribolium castaneum,Lasioderma serricorne and Ditylenchus destructor

作　　者：王旭东 吴昊书 王作亮 李秋月 王俊龙[1,2] 张继[1,2] 梁俊玉[1,2] Wang Xudong;Wu Haoshu;Wang Zuoliang;Li Qiuyue;Wang Junlong;Zhang Ji;Liang Junyu(College of the Life Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070;New Rural Development Research Institute,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学生命科学学院,兰州730070 [2]西北师范大学新农村发展研究院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2023年第6期106-112,共7页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：甘肃省引导科技创新发展专项基金(2019ZX-05);甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(2020C-21)。

摘　　要：以千里香杜鹃枝、叶为实验材料,石油醚、甲醇、95%乙醇为提取剂,采用热浸法得到提取物,测试提取物对赤拟谷盗和烟草甲的触杀、熏蒸和拒食活性以及其对马铃薯茎线虫的毒杀活性,以此初步筛选出对赤拟谷盗、烟草甲和马铃薯茎线虫具有较好抗虫活性的提取物。结果表明:千里香杜鹃叶95%乙醇提取物对赤拟谷盗、烟草甲和马铃薯茎线虫具有明显杀虫活性(LD_(50)分别为15.32、16.18μg/头;LC_(50)=0.78 mg/mL);对赤拟谷盗具有明显拒食活性,在质量浓度2 mg/mL测试条件下,拒食率为78.17%。各提取物对赤拟谷盗和烟草甲无明显熏蒸活性。In this study,the branches and leaves of Rhododendron thymifolium were used as experimental materials;petroleum ether,methanol,and 95%ethanol were used as extraction agents;and the extracts were obtained by hot immersion method.The contact,fumigation,and antifeeding activities of the extracts against(Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne)and the contact activity of the extracts against Ditylenchus destructor were tested.The extracts with better biological activity against T.castaneum,L.serricorne,and D.destructor.The results indicated that the 95%ethanol extract of leaves showed obvious pesticide activity against T.castaneum and L.serricorne(LD_(50)=15.32 and 16.18μg/adult).It also showed good a contact activity against D.destructor(LC_(50)=0.78 mg/mL).The antifeeding rate was 78.17%at a high concentration(2 mg/mL).None of the extracts had significant fumigation activity against T.castaneum and L.serricorne.

关 键 词：千里香杜鹃 赤拟谷盗 烟草甲 马铃薯茎线虫 生物活性 

分 类 号：S433.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S435.32[农业科学—植物保护]